Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Ghost Stories., part 1, sentence 3
In the food and money and other necessaries of existence still placed in the coffin with the corpse, may be seen traces of an old belief in a journey which the soul was forced to undertake after the death of the body; in the _pomniki_ or feasts in memory of the dead, celebrated at certain short intervals after a death, and also on its anniversary, may be clearly recognized the remains of a faith in the continued residence of the dead in the spot where they had been buried, and in their subjection to some physical sufferings, their capacity for certain animal enjoyments.
Who acts: journey, body, remains · What happens: place, see, force, undertake, celebrate, be · To what, where: existence, coffin, traces, food, journey, certain short intervals
This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Ghost Stories., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (journey, body, remains), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 food | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 food | det |
| 3 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 seen | obl |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 money | cc |
| 5 | money | money | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 food | conj |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 necessaries | cc |
| 7 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 necessaries | amod |
| 8 | necessaries | necessary | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 food | conj |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 existence | case |
| 10 | existence | existence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 necessaries | nmod |
| 11 | still | still | ADV | _ | 12 placed | advmod |
| 12 | placed | place | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 existence | acl |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 coffin | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 coffin | det |
| 15 | coffin | coffin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 placed | obl |
| 16 | with | with | ADP | _ | 18 corpse | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 corpse | det |
| 18 | corpse | corpse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 coffin | nmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 food | punct |
| 20 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 seen | aux |
| 21 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 22 seen | aux:pass |
| 22 | seen | see | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 23 | traces | trace | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 seen | obj |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 belief | case |
| 25 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 belief | det |
| 26 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 belief | amod |
| 27 | belief | belief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 traces | nmod |
| 28 | in | in | ADP | _ | 30 journey | case |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 journey | det |
| 30 | journey | journey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 belief | nmod |
| 31 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 35 forced | nsubj:pass |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 soul | det |
| 33 | soul | soul | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 forced | nsubj:pass |
| 34 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 forced | aux:pass |
| 35 | forced | force | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 30 journey | acl:relcl |
| 36 | to | to | PART | _ | 37 undertake | mark |
| 37 | undertake | undertake | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 35 forced | xcomp |
| 38 | after | after | ADP | _ | 40 death | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 death | det |
| 40 | death | death | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 undertake | obl |
| 41 | of | of | ADP | _ | 43 body | case |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 body | det |
| 43 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 death | nmod |
| 44 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 48 pomniki | punct |
| 45 | in | in | ADP | _ | 48 pomniki | case |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 pomniki | det |
| 47 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 48 pomniki | punct |
| 48 | pomniki | pomniki | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 seen | obl |
| 49 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 48 pomniki | punct |
| 50 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 51 feasts | cc |
| 51 | feasts | feast | NOUN | Number=Plur | 48 pomniki | conj |
| 52 | in | in | ADP | _ | 53 memory | case |
| 53 | memory | memory | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 pomniki | nmod |
| 54 | of | of | ADP | _ | 56 dead | case |
| 55 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 56 dead | det |
| 56 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 53 memory | nmod |
| 57 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 58 celebrated | punct |
| 58 | celebrated | celebrate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 seen | conj |
| 59 | at | at | ADP | _ | 62 intervals | case |
| 60 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 62 intervals | amod |
| 61 | short | short | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 62 intervals | amod |
| 62 | intervals | interval | NOUN | Number=Plur | 58 celebrated | obl |
| 63 | after | after | ADP | _ | 65 death | case |
| 64 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 65 death | det |
| 65 | death | death | NOUN | Number=Sing | 62 intervals | nmod |
| 66 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 76 recognized | punct |
| 67 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 76 recognized | cc |
| 68 | also | also | ADV | _ | 71 anniversary | advmod |
| 69 | on | on | ADP | _ | 71 anniversary | case |
| 70 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 71 anniversary | nmod:poss |
| 71 | anniversary | anniversary | NOUN | Number=Sing | 76 recognized | obl |
| 72 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 71 anniversary | punct |
| 73 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 76 recognized | aux |
| 74 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 76 recognized | cop |
| 75 | clearly | clearly | ADV | _ | 76 recognized | advmod |
| 76 | recognized | recognize | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 seen | parataxis |
| 77 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 78 remains | det |
| 78 | remains | remains | NOUN | Number=Ptan | 76 recognized | obj |
| 79 | of | of | ADP | _ | 81 faith | case |
| 80 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 81 faith | det |
| 81 | faith | faith | NOUN | Number=Sing | 78 remains | nmod |
| 82 | in | in | ADP | _ | 85 residence | case |
| 83 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 85 residence | det |
| 84 | continued | continue | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 85 residence | amod |
| 85 | residence | residence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 81 faith | nmod |
| 86 | of | of | ADP | _ | 88 dead | case |
| 87 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 88 dead | det |
| 88 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 85 residence | nmod |
| 89 | in | in | ADP | _ | 91 spot | case |
| 90 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 91 spot | det |
| 91 | spot | spot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 88 dead | obl |
| 92 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 96 buried | advmod |
| 93 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 96 buried | nsubj:pass |
| 94 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 96 buried | aux |
| 95 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 96 buried | aux:pass |
| 96 | buried | bury | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 91 spot | acl:relcl |
| 97 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 101 subjection | punct |
| 98 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 101 subjection | cc |
| 99 | in | in | ADP | _ | 101 subjection | case |
| 100 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 101 subjection | nmod:poss |
| 101 | subjection | subjection | NOUN | Number=Sing | 76 recognized | parataxis |
| 102 | to | to | ADP | _ | 105 sufferings | case |
| 103 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 105 sufferings | det |
| 104 | physical | physical | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 105 sufferings | amod |
| 105 | sufferings | suffering | NOUN | Number=Plur | 101 subjection | nmod |
| 106 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 108 capacity | punct |
| 107 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 108 capacity | nmod:poss |
| 108 | capacity | capacity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 101 subjection | conj |
| 109 | for | for | ADP | _ | 112 enjoyments | case |
| 110 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 112 enjoyments | amod |
| 111 | animal | animal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 112 enjoyments | compound |
| 112 | enjoyments | enjoyment | NOUN | Number=Plur | 108 capacity | nmod |
| 113 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 22 seen | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | place | participle | existence not said here | the coffin with the corpse | still | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in coffin=Destination | |||
| 2 | see | may · passive | traces of a old belief in a journey | the food and money and other necessaries of existence | in the pomniki in memory of the dead or feasts | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: trace=Stimulus | |||
| 3 | force | past · passive | a journey | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | undertake | to-infinitive | a journey not said here | after the death of the body | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 5 | celebrate | participle | certain short intervals after a death | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | is | may | body's anniversary | clearly, recognize property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | continue | participle | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 8 | bury | past · perfect · passive | remains | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 9 | die | the body | nom death «event intransitive»: of=agent | ||||||
| 10 | subject | remains | to some physical sufferings | nom subjection «state transitive»: poss=agent to=obl |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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