Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Ghost Stories., part 2, sentence 168
Where the graveyard had been, was now a piece of waste ground.
Who acts: graveyard · What happens: be · To what, where: piece
This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Ghost Stories., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (graveyard), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Where | where | ADV | PronType=Int | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 graveyard | det |
| 3 | graveyard | graveyard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 piece | nsubj |
| 4 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 been | aux |
| 5 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 graveyard | acl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 graveyard | punct |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 piece | cop |
| 8 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 10 piece | advmod |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 piece | det |
| 10 | piece | piece | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Where | nsubj |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 ground | case |
| 12 | waste | waste | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 ground | compound |
| 13 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 piece | nmod |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Where | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | the graveyard | a piece | now | of waste ground | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/52/168/