Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Ghost Stories., part 2, sentence 185
On the way the living man expresses a desire to see something of the world beyond the grave, and the corpse fulfils his wish, having first placed on his head a sod cut in the graveyard.
Who acts: living man, corpse · What happens: express, see, fulfil, have, place, cut · To what, where: desire, way, something, wish, head, sod
This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Ghost Stories., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (living man, corpse), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | On | on | ADP | _ | 3 way | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 way | det |
| 3 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 expresses | obl |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 man | det |
| 5 | living | living | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 man | compound |
| 6 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 expresses | nsubj |
| 7 | expresses | express | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 desire | det |
| 9 | desire | desire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 expresses | obj |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 see | mark |
| 11 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 expresses | advcl |
| 12 | something | something | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 11 see | obj |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 world | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 world | det |
| 15 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 something | nmod |
| 16 | beyond | beyond | ADP | _ | 18 grave | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 grave | det |
| 18 | grave | grave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 see | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 fulfils | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 fulfils | cc |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 corpse | det |
| 22 | corpse | corpse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 fulfils | nsubj |
| 23 | fulfils | fulfil | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 expresses | conj |
| 24 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 wish | nmod:poss |
| 25 | wish | wish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 fulfils | obj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 having | punct |
| 27 | having | have | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 23 fulfils | advcl |
| 28 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 29 placed | advmod |
| 29 | placed | place | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 27 having | xcomp |
| 30 | on | on | ADP | _ | 32 head | case |
| 31 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 head | nmod:poss |
| 32 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 placed | obl |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 sod | det |
| 34 | sod | sod | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 head | conj |
| 35 | cut | cut | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 34 sod | acl |
| 36 | in | in | ADP | _ | 38 graveyard | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 graveyard | det |
| 38 | graveyard | graveyard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 cut | obl |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 expresses | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | express | present | the living man | a desire | the way | vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent desire=Theme | |||
| 2 | see | to-infinitive | the living man not said here | something | beyond the grave | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer something=Stimulus | |||
| 3 | fulfil | present | the corpse | corpse's wish | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | have | gerund | the corpse not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | place | participle | the corpse not said here | corpse's head and a sod | first property | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent on head=Destination | |||
| 6 | cut | participle | a sod not said here | the graveyard | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 7 | wish | corpse | nom wish «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/52/185/