Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Ghost Stories., part 2, sentence 45
"Wait a bit!" said one of the fiends. "
Who acts: one · What happens: wait, say · To what, where: bit · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Ghost Stories., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Wait | punct |
| 2 | Wait | wait | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 said | ccomp |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 bit | det |
| 4 | bit | bit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Wait | obl:unmarked |
| 5 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 2 Wait | punct |
| 6 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Wait | punct |
| 7 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 7 said | nsubj |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 fiends | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 fiends | det |
| 11 | fiends | fiend | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 one | nmod |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 said | punct |
| 13 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | wait in a quote | infinitive | a bit | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | say speech: express | past | one of the fiends | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/52/45/