Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Ghost Stories., part 5, sentence 14
[386] _Prigovarivat'_ = to say or sing while using certain (usually menacing) gestures.
What happens: say, sing, use, menace · To what, where: gestures · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Ghost Stories., part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 2 386 | punct |
| 2 | 386 | 386 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | root | root |
| 3 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 2 386 | punct |
| 4 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 7 _ | punct |
| 5 | Prigovarivat | Prigovarivat | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 _ | nmod:poss |
| 6 | ' | 's | PART | _ | 5 Prigovarivat | case |
| 7 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 2 386 | punct |
| 8 | = | = | SYM | _ | 10 say | punct |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 say | mark |
| 10 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 7 _ | parataxis |
| 11 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 12 sing | cc |
| 12 | sing | sing | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 10 say | conj |
| 13 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 14 using | mark |
| 14 | using | use | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 sing | advcl |
| 15 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 using | xcomp |
| 16 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 18 menacing | punct |
| 17 | usually | usually | ADV | _ | 18 menacing | advmod |
| 18 | menacing | menace | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 15 certain | advcl |
| 19 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 18 menacing | punct |
| 20 | gestures | gesture | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 menacing | obj |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 386 | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | to-infinitive | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | sing speech: express | infinitive | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | use | gerund | certain property | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | menace | gerund | gestures | usually property | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus gesture=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/55/14/