Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Ghost Stories., part 5, sentence 69
Kotlyarevsky, in his excellent work on their funeral customs, arrives at the conclusion that there never was any general rule on the subject, but that some Slavonians buried without burning, while others first burned their dead, and then inhumed their ashes.
Who acts: Kotlyarevsky, Slavonians, others · What happens: arrive, not be, bury, burn, inhum, work · To what, where: conclusion, general rule, subject, dead, ashes, funeral customs
This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Ghost Stories., part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kotlyarevsky, Slavonians, others), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kotlyarevsky | Kotlyarevsky | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 arrives | nsubj |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 work | punct |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 work | case |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 work | nmod:poss |
| 5 | excellent | excellent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 work | amod |
| 6 | work | work | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Kotlyarevsky | appos |
| 7 | on | on | ADP | _ | 10 customs | case |
| 8 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 customs | nmod:poss |
| 9 | funeral | funeral | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 customs | compound |
| 10 | customs | custom | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 work | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Kotlyarevsky | punct |
| 12 | arrives | arrive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | at | at | ADP | _ | 15 conclusion | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 conclusion | det |
| 15 | conclusion | conclusion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 arrives | obl |
| 16 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 17 there | mark |
| 17 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 15 conclusion | acl |
| 18 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 22 rule | advmod |
| 19 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 rule | cop |
| 20 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 22 rule | det |
| 21 | general | general | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 rule | amod |
| 22 | rule | rule | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 arrives | obl |
| 23 | on | on | ADP | _ | 25 subject | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 subject | det |
| 25 | subject | subject | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 rule | nmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 buried | punct |
| 27 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 31 buried | cc |
| 28 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 31 buried | mark |
| 29 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 30 Slavonians | det |
| 30 | Slavonians | Slavonian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 31 buried | nsubj |
| 31 | buried | bury | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 arrives | conj |
| 32 | without | without | SCONJ | _ | 33 burning | mark |
| 33 | burning | burn | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 31 buried | advcl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 burned | punct |
| 35 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 38 burned | mark |
| 36 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 burned | nsubj |
| 37 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 38 burned | advmod |
| 38 | burned | burn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 buried | parataxis |
| 39 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 40 dead | nmod:poss |
| 40 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 burned | obj |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 inhumed | punct |
| 42 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 44 inhumed | cc |
| 43 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 44 inhumed | advmod |
| 44 | inhumed | inhum | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 38 burned | conj |
| 45 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 46 ashes | nmod:poss |
| 46 | ashes | ash | NOUN | Number=Plur | 44 inhumed | obj |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 arrives | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | arrive | present | Kotlyarevsky | the conclusion | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | not is a | past | any general rule | the subject | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | bury | past | some Slavonians | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | burn | gerund | some Slavonians not said here | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | burn | past | others | Slavonians's dead | first property | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent dead=Theme | |||
| 6 | inhum | past | others not said here | Slavonians's ashes | then | tree rules | |||
| 7 | work | Kotlyarevsky | Slavonians's funeral customs | nom work «act intransitive»: poss=agent on=place |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/55/69/