Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Chapter VI. LEGENDS, part 1, sentence 132
But they could not drink thereat, for its water was foul and impure, and swarming with snakes and frogs and toads.
Who acts: Apostles, water · What happens: not drink, be, swarm
This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter VI. LEGENDS, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Apostles, water), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 5 drink | cc |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 drink | nsubj |
| 3 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 drink | aux |
| 4 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 drink | advmod |
| 5 | drink | drink | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | thereat | thereat | ADV | _ | 5 drink | advmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 foul | punct |
| 8 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 12 foul | mark |
| 9 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 water | nmod:poss |
| 10 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 foul | nsubj |
| 11 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 foul | cop |
| 12 | foul | foul | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 drink | parataxis |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 impure | cc |
| 14 | impure | impure | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 foul | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 swarming | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 swarming | cc |
| 17 | swarming | swarm | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 drink | advcl |
| 18 | with | with | ADP | _ | 19 snakes | case |
| 19 | snakes | snake | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 swarming | obl |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 frogs | cc |
| 21 | frogs | frog | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 snakes | conj |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 toads | cc |
| 23 | toads | toad | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 snakes | conj |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 drink | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not drink | could | Apostles = apostle | thereat property | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | is | past | road's water | foul property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | be | road's water not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 4 | swarm | gerund | Apostles = apostle not said here | with snakes and frogs and toads | vn swarm-47.5.1-1 «PP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with snake=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/56/132/