Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Chapter VI. LEGENDS, part 2, sentence 118
Rain-clouds came sailing exactly over the cornfield and gave the soil to drink.
Who acts: Rain clouds · What happens: come, sail, give, drink · To what, where: cornfield, soil
This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter VI. LEGENDS, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rain clouds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rain | rain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 clouds | compound |
| 2 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 1 Rain | punct |
| 3 | clouds | cloud | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 came | nsubj |
| 4 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | sailing | sail | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 4 came | xcomp |
| 6 | exactly | exactly | ADV | _ | 9 cornfield | advmod |
| 7 | over | over | ADP | _ | 9 cornfield | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 cornfield | det |
| 9 | cornfield | cornfield | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 sailing | obl |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 gave | cc |
| 11 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 came | conj |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 soil | det |
| 13 | soil | soil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 gave | obj |
| 14 | to | to | PART | _ | 15 drink | mark |
| 15 | drink | drink | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 gave | advcl |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | Rain clouds | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | sail | gerund | Rain clouds not said here | the cornfield | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent over cornfield=Trajectory | ||||
| 3 | give | past | Rain clouds not said here | the soil | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent soil=Theme | ||||
| 4 | drink | to-infinitive | Rain clouds not said here | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/57/118/