Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Chapter VI. LEGENDS, part 2, sentence 45

He was believed, if traditions may be relied upon, to sway the elements, often driving across the sky in a flaming car, and launching the shafts of the lightning at his demon foes.

What happens: believe, rely, sway, drive, launch · To what, where: Perun, traditions, elements, sky, shafts, demon foes

This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter VI. LEGENDS, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 believed	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 believed	aux:pass
3	believed	believe	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 believed	punct
5	if	if	SCONJ	_	9 relied	mark
6	traditions	tradition	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 relied	nsubj:pass
7	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 relied	aux
8	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	9 relied	aux:pass
9	relied	rely	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 believed	advcl
10	upon	upon	ADP	_	9 relied	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 sway	punct
12	to	to	PART	_	13 sway	mark
13	sway	sway	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	3 believed	parataxis
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 elements	det
15	elements	element	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 sway	obj
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 driving	punct
17	often	often	ADV	_	18 driving	advmod
18	driving	drive	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	13 sway	advcl
19	across	across	ADP	_	21 sky	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 sky	det
21	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 driving	obl
22	in	in	ADP	_	25 car	case
23	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	25 car	det
24	flaming	flaming	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 car	compound
25	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 driving	obl
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 launching	punct
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 launching	cc
28	launching	launch	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 believed	parataxis
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 shafts	det
30	shafts	shaft	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 launching	obj
31	of	of	ADP	_	33 lightning	case
32	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	33 lightning	det
33	lightning	lightning	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 shafts	nmod
34	at	at	ADP	_	37 foes	case
35	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	37 foes	nmod:poss
36	demon	demon	NOUN	Number=Sing	37 foes	compound
37	foes	foe	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 launching	obl
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 believed	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	believe	past · passive	Perun			vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus
2	rely a condition, not said to happen	may · passive	traditions			tree rules
3	sway	to-infinitive	the elements			vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location element=Theme
4	drive	gerund		the sky	in a flaming car; often property	vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent across sky=Trajectory
5	launch	gerund	the shafts of the lightning	Perun's demon foes		vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent shaft=Theme at foe=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/57/45/