Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Chapter VI. LEGENDS, part 3, sentence 46
In Little Russia that animal is called "St. George's Dog," and the carcases of sheep which wolves have killed are not used for human food, it being held that they have been assigned by divine command to the beasts of the field.
Who acts: divine command · What happens: call, kill, not use, hold, assign · To what, where: animal, Little Russia, carcases, beasts · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter VI. LEGENDS, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (divine command), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 Russia | case |
| 2 | Little | Little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 Russia | amod |
| 3 | Russia | Russia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 called | obl |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 7 called | mark |
| 5 | animal | animal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 called | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 called | aux:pass |
| 7 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 Dog | punct |
| 9 | St. | St. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 George | nmod:desc |
| 10 | George | George | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 Dog | nmod:poss |
| 11 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 10 George | case |
| 12 | Dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 called | xcomp |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 Dog | punct |
| 14 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 Dog | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 used | cc |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 carcases | det |
| 17 | carcases | carcase | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 used | nsubj:pass |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 sheep | case |
| 19 | sheep | sheep | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 carcases | nmod |
| 20 | which | which | DET | PronType=Int | 21 wolves | det |
| 21 | wolves | wolf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 sheep | conj |
| 22 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 killed | aux |
| 23 | killed | kill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 carcases | acl |
| 24 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 used | aux:pass |
| 25 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 26 used | advmod |
| 26 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 called | conj |
| 27 | for | for | ADP | _ | 29 food | case |
| 28 | human | human | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 food | amod |
| 29 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 used | obl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 held | punct |
| 31 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 held | nsubj:pass |
| 32 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 33 held | aux:pass |
| 33 | held | hold | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 called | conj |
| 34 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 38 assigned | mark |
| 35 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 assigned | nsubj:pass |
| 36 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 38 assigned | aux |
| 37 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 38 assigned | aux:pass |
| 38 | assigned | assign | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 33 held | advcl |
| 39 | by | by | ADP | _ | 41 command | case |
| 40 | divine | divine | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 command | amod |
| 41 | command | command | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 assigned | obl |
| 42 | to | to | ADP | _ | 44 beasts | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 beasts | det |
| 44 | beasts | beast | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 assigned | obl |
| 45 | of | of | ADP | _ | 47 field | case |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 field | det |
| 47 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 beasts | nmod |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 called | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call | present · passive | animal | Little Russia | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | kill | present · perfect | the carcases of sheep and which wolves not said here | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 3 | not use | present · passive | the carcases of sheep and which wolves | for human food | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: subject=Theme for food=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | hold | gerund · passive | animal | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 5 | assign | present · perfect · passive | divine command | carcases = carcase | to the beasts of the field goal | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent subject=Theme to beast=Goal |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/58/46/