Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Chapter VI. LEGENDS, part 3, sentence 99
And I happened to pass by a moujik whose cart had stuck in the mud.
Who acts: I · What happens: happen, pass, stick · To what, where: cart, mud
This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter VI. LEGENDS, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 happened | cc |
| 2 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 happened | nsubj |
| 3 | happened | happen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 pass | mark |
| 5 | pass | pass | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 happened | xcomp |
| 6 | by | by | ADP | _ | 8 moujik | case |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 moujik | det |
| 8 | moujik | moujik | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 pass | obl |
| 9 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 10 cart | nmod:poss |
| 10 | cart | cart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 stuck | nsubj:pass |
| 11 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 stuck | aux |
| 12 | stuck | stick | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 moujik | acl:relcl |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 mud | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 mud | det |
| 15 | mud | mud | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 stuck | obl |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 happened | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | happen | past | I | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | pass | to-infinitive | I not said here | by a moujik | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by moujik=Location | ||||
| 3 | stick | past · perfect · passive | cart | the mud | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in mud=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/58/99/