Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Chapter VI. LEGENDS, part 5, sentence 33
Presently they came to a river which was frozen over, and in the ice was a hole.
Who acts: feet, ice · What happens: come, freeze over, be · To what, where: river, hole
This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter VI. LEGENDS, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (feet, ice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Presently | presently | ADV | _ | 3 came | advmod |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 came | nsubj |
| 3 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 river | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 river | det |
| 6 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 came | obl |
| 7 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 frozen | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 frozen | aux:pass |
| 9 | frozen | freeze | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 river | acl:relcl |
| 10 | over | over | ADV | _ | 9 frozen | advmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 hole | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 hole | cc |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 ice | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 ice | det |
| 15 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 hole | nsubj |
| 16 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 hole | cop |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 hole | det |
| 18 | hole | hole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 came | obl |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | feet = foot | a river | presently property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to river=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | freeze over | past · passive | a river | over property | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result | ||||
| 3 | is a | past | the ice | a hole | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/60/33/