Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Chapter VI. LEGENDS, part 6, sentence 137
When the demon returns to hell he finds its gates closed, and he is informed by "the oldest of the devils," that he must expiate his crime by a three years' service on earth.
Who acts: demon, man, three years · What happens: return, find, close, inform, expiate, incriminate · To what, where: gates, man, crime, earth
This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter VI. LEGENDS, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (demon, man, three years), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | SCONJ | _ | 4 returns | mark |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 demon | det |
| 3 | demon | demon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 returns | nsubj |
| 4 | returns | return | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 finds | advcl |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 hell | case |
| 6 | hell | hell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 returns | obl |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 finds | nsubj |
| 8 | finds | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 gates | nmod:poss |
| 10 | gates | gate | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 finds | obj |
| 11 | closed | close | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 gates | acl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 informed | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 informed | cc |
| 14 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 informed | nsubj |
| 15 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 informed | aux:pass |
| 16 | informed | inform | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 finds | conj |
| 17 | by | by | ADP | _ | 20 oldest | case |
| 18 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 20 oldest | punct |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 oldest | det |
| 20 | oldest | old | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 16 informed | ccomp |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 devils | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 devils | det |
| 23 | devils | devil | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 oldest | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 expiate | punct |
| 25 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 29 expiate | punct |
| 26 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 29 expiate | mark |
| 27 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 expiate | nsubj |
| 28 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 29 expiate | aux |
| 29 | expiate | expiate | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 finds | conj |
| 30 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 crime | nmod:poss |
| 31 | crime | crime | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 expiate | obj |
| 32 | by | by | ADP | _ | 37 service | case |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 years | det |
| 34 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 35 years | nummod |
| 35 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 service | nmod:poss |
| 36 | ' | 's | PART | _ | 35 years | case |
| 37 | service | service | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 expiate | obl |
| 38 | on | on | ADP | _ | 39 earth | case |
| 39 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 service | nmod |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 finds | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | return | present | the demon | to hell result | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient to hell=Result | ||||
| 2 | find | present | man | hell's gates | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gate=Topic | ||||
| 3 | close | participle | hell's gates not said here | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 4 | inform speech: other | present · passive | man | vn tell-37.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | |||||
| 5 | expiate | must | man | man's crime | by a three years's service on earth | tree rules | |||
| 6 | incriminate | man | nom crime «act transitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 7 | service | a three years | earth | nom service «act transitive»: poss=agent on=place |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/61/137/