Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Chapter VI. LEGENDS, part 8, sentence 102
The author uses some alternative spellings--for example, "arn't" rather than "aren't", "dulness" rather than "dullness", both "shan't" and "sha'n't"--which have been left unchanged.
Who acts: author · What happens: use, leave · To what, where: alternative spellings
This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter VI. LEGENDS, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (author), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 author | det |
| 2 | author | author | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 uses | nsubj |
| 3 | uses | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 6 spellings | det |
| 5 | alternative | alternative | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 spellings | amod |
| 6 | spellings | spelling | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 uses | obj |
| 7 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 9 example | punct |
| 8 | for | for | ADP | _ | 9 example | case |
| 9 | example | example | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 spellings | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 ar | punct |
| 11 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 ar | punct |
| 12 | ar | AR | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 uses | parataxis |
| 13 | n't | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 12 ar | advmod |
| 14 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 ar | punct |
| 15 | rather | rather | ADV | ExtPos=CCONJ | 12 ar | advmod |
| 16 | than | than | ADP | _ | 15 rather | fixed |
| 17 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 n't | punct |
| 18 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 n't | cop |
| 19 | n't | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 15 rather | conj |
| 20 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 n't | punct |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 dullness | punct |
| 22 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 23 dulness | punct |
| 23 | dulness | dulness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 dullness | nsubj |
| 24 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 23 dulness | punct |
| 25 | rather | rather | ADV | _ | 28 dullness | advmod |
| 26 | than | than | ADP | _ | 28 dullness | case |
| 27 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 28 dullness | punct |
| 28 | dullness | dullness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 uses | obl |
| 29 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 28 dullness | punct |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 sha | punct |
| 31 | both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 33 sha | nsubj |
| 32 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 33 sha | punct |
| 33 | sha | sha | X | _ | 28 dullness | appos |
| 34 | n't | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 35 " | advmod |
| 35 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 33 sha | punct |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 left | cc |
| 37 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 38 sha' | punct |
| 38 | sha' | sha' | INTJ | _ | 45 left | discourse |
| 39 | n't | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 38 sha' | advmod |
| 40 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 38 sha' | punct |
| 41 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 45 left | punct |
| 42 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 45 left | nsubj:pass |
| 43 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 45 left | aux |
| 44 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 45 left | aux:pass |
| 45 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 uses | conj |
| 46 | unchanged | unchanged | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 left | xcomp |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 uses | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | use | present | the author | some alternative spellings | for example; than dullness | tree rules | |||
| 2 | leave | present · perfect · passive | unchanged property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/63/102/