Uncle Remus, His Songs and His Sayings, XXI. the Fourth of July, sentence 15
"How did he happen to get you down and maul you in this startling manner?" asked the commencement orator, with a tone of exaggerated sympathy in his voice.
Who acts: dat, commencement orator · What happens: happen, get down, maul, startle, ask, exaggerate · To what, where: you, startling manner, exaggerated sympathy · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Uncle Remus, His Songs and His Sayings» by Joel Chandler Harris, XXI. the Fourth of July. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dat, commencement orator), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 happen | punct |
| 2 | How | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 5 happen | advmod |
| 3 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 happen | aux |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 happen | nsubj |
| 5 | happen | happen | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 asked | ccomp |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 get | mark |
| 7 | get | get | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 happen | xcomp |
| 8 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 7 get | obj |
| 9 | down | down | ADP | _ | 7 get | compound:prt |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 maul | cc |
| 11 | maul | maul | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 get | conj |
| 12 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 11 maul | obj |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 manner | case |
| 14 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 16 manner | det |
| 15 | startling | startle | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 16 manner | amod |
| 16 | manner | manner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 maul | obl |
| 17 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 5 happen | punct |
| 18 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 happen | punct |
| 19 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 orator | det |
| 21 | commencement | commencement | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 orator | compound |
| 22 | orator | orator | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 asked | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 tone | punct |
| 24 | with | with | ADP | _ | 26 tone | case |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 tone | det |
| 26 | tone | tone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 asked | obl |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 sympathy | case |
| 28 | exaggerated | exaggerate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 29 sympathy | amod |
| 29 | sympathy | sympathy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 tone | nmod |
| 30 | in | in | ADP | _ | 32 voice | case |
| 31 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 voice | nmod:poss |
| 32 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 sympathy | nmod |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 19 asked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | happen in a quote | past · do-support | dat | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | get down in a quote | to-infinitive | dat not said here | you | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | maul in a quote | present | dat not said here | you | this startling manner | tree rules | |||
| 4 | startle in a quote | gerund | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ||||||
| 5 | ask speech: ask | past | the commencement orator | with a tone of exaggerated sympathy in dat's voice | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 6 | exaggerate | participle | tree rules | ||||||
| 7 | intonate | exaggerated sympathy in dat's voice | nom tone «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Uncle Remus, His Songs and His Sayings» by Joel Chandler Harris, Project Gutenberg book 2306 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2306/67/15/