The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 1, sentence 67

The reason the beasts give among themselves is that Man is the weakest and most defenseless of all living things, and it is unsportsmanlike to touch him.

Who acts: beasts, reason · What happens: give, be, live, touch · To what, where: reason, beast

This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (beasts, reason), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Checked tree. This sentence is in the tales treebank of Mova corpus 0.3 (gutenberg:pg236:44): parsed by Mova, then checked and patched by a teacher model under UD validation gates — Mova annot: Rust (en) → Claude Opus (medium) patches; gates UD 2.18.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 reason	det
2	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 weakest	nsubj:outer
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 beasts	det
4	beasts	beast	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 give	nsubj
5	give	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 reason	acl:relcl
6	among	among	ADP	_	7 themselves	case
7	themselves	themselves	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	5 give	obl
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 weakest	cop
9	that	that	SCONJ	_	13 weakest	mark
10	Man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 weakest	nsubj
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 weakest	cop
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 weakest	det
13	weakest	weak	ADJ	Degree=Sup	root	root
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 defenseless	cc
15	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	16 defenseless	advmod
16	defenseless	defenseless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 weakest	conj
17	of	of	ADP	_	20 things	case
18	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	20 things	det
19	living	live	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	20 things	amod
20	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 weakest	obl
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 unsportsmanlike	punct
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 unsportsmanlike	cc
23	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 unsportsmanlike	expl
24	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 unsportsmanlike	cop
25	unsportsmanlike	unsportsmanlike	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 weakest	conj
26	to	to	PART	_	27 touch	mark
27	touch	touch	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	25 unsportsmanlike	csubj
28	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	27 touch	obj
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	13 weakest	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	give	present	the beasts	the reason not said here	among men = man	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	is	present	the reason		of all living things; weak property	tree rules
3	be		the reason not said here			tree rules
4	live	gerund				vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	is	present	the reason not said here		unsportsmanlike property	tree rules
6	touch	to-infinitive		beast		vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme he=Co-Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: the tales treebank of Mova corpus 0.3, Apache-2.0 OR MIT. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/1/67/