The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 1, sentence 85
Directly in front of him, holding on by a low branch, stood a naked brown baby who could just walk--as soft and as dimpled a little atom as ever came to a wolf’s cave at night.
Who acts: front, naked brown baby · What happens: hold on, stand, walk, dimple, come · To what, where: naked brown baby, front, little atom, cave
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (front, naked brown baby), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Directly | directly | ADV | _ | 3 front | advmod |
| 2 | in | in | ADP | _ | 3 front | case |
| 3 | front | front | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 stood | obl |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 him | case |
| 5 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 front | nmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 holding | punct |
| 7 | holding | hold | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 front | acl |
| 8 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 holding | compound:prt |
| 9 | by | by | ADP | _ | 12 branch | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 branch | det |
| 11 | low | low | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 branch | amod |
| 12 | branch | branch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 holding | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 front | punct |
| 14 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 baby | det |
| 16 | naked | naked | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 baby | amod |
| 17 | brown | brown | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 baby | amod |
| 18 | baby | baby | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 stood | obj |
| 19 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 22 walk | nsubj |
| 20 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 walk | aux |
| 21 | just | just | ADV | _ | 22 walk | advmod |
| 22 | walk | walk | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 baby | acl:relcl |
| 23 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 25 soft | punct |
| 24 | as | as | ADP | _ | 25 soft | case |
| 25 | soft | soft | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 stood | conj |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 dimpled | cc |
| 27 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 28 dimpled | mark |
| 28 | dimpled | dimple | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 soft | conj |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 atom | det |
| 30 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 atom | amod |
| 31 | atom | atom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 dimpled | obj |
| 32 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 34 came | mark |
| 33 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 34 came | advmod |
| 34 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 dimpled | advcl |
| 35 | to | to | ADP | _ | 39 cave | case |
| 36 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 wolf | det |
| 37 | wolf | wolf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 cave | nmod:poss |
| 38 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 37 wolf | case |
| 39 | cave | cave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 came | obl |
| 40 | at | at | ADP | _ | 41 night | case |
| 41 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 cave | nmod |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 stood | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hold on | gerund | front of thing not said here | by a low branch | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by branch=Location | ||||
| 2 | stand | past | a naked brown baby | front of thing | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent baby=Theme in front=Destination | ||||
| 3 | walk | could | a naked brown baby | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | dimple | participle | a little atom | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | come | past | a wolf's cave at night | ever | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to cave=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/1/85/