The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 1, sentence 90
A Wolf accustomed to moving his own cubs can, if necessary, mouth an egg without breaking it, and though Father Wolf’s jaws closed right on the child’s back not a tooth even scratched the skin as he laid it down among the cubs.
Who acts: tooth, baby · What happens: accustom, move, break, close, not scratch, lay down · To what, where: Wolf, own cubs, egg, jaws, skin, cubs
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tooth, baby), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 Wolf | det |
| 2 | Wolf | wolf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 necessary | nsubj |
| 3 | accustomed | accustom | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 Wolf | acl |
| 4 | to | to | SCONJ | _ | 5 moving | mark |
| 5 | moving | move | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 accustomed | advcl |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 cubs | nmod:poss |
| 7 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 cubs | amod |
| 8 | cubs | cub | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 moving | obj |
| 9 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 12 necessary | aux |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 necessary | punct |
| 11 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 12 necessary | mark |
| 12 | necessary | necessary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 mouth | punct |
| 14 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 necessary | conj |
| 15 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 egg | det |
| 16 | egg | egg | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 mouth | obj |
| 17 | without | without | SCONJ | _ | 18 breaking | mark |
| 18 | breaking | break | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 necessary | advcl |
| 19 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 breaking | obj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 closed | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 closed | cc |
| 22 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 27 closed | mark |
| 23 | Father | Father | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 Wolf | compound |
| 24 | Wolf | Wolf | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 jaws | nmod:poss |
| 25 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 24 Wolf | case |
| 26 | jaws | jaw | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 closed | nsubj:pass |
| 27 | closed | close | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 necessary | parataxis |
| 28 | right | right | ADV | _ | 27 closed | advmod |
| 29 | on | on | ADP | _ | 31 child | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 child | det |
| 31 | child | child | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 ’s | obl |
| 32 | ’s | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 closed | conj |
| 33 | back | back | ADV | _ | 38 scratched | advmod |
| 34 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 38 scratched | advmod |
| 35 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 tooth | det |
| 36 | tooth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 scratched | nsubj |
| 37 | even | even | ADV | _ | 38 scratched | advmod |
| 38 | scratched | scratch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 ’s | advcl |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 skin | det |
| 40 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 scratched | obj |
| 41 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 43 laid | mark |
| 42 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 43 laid | nsubj |
| 43 | laid | lay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 38 scratched | advcl |
| 44 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 43 laid | obj |
| 45 | down | down | ADP | _ | 43 laid | compound:prt |
| 46 | among | among | ADP | _ | 48 cubs | case |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 cubs | det |
| 48 | cubs | cub | NOUN | Number=Plur | 43 laid | obl |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 necessary | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | accustom | participle | a Wolf not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | move | gerund | baby's own cubs | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent cub=Theme | |||||
| 3 | break | gerund | egg | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Patient | |||||
| 4 | close | participle · passive | Father Wolf's jaws | right property | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 5 | not scratch | past | a tooth | the skin | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skin=Theme | ||||
| 6 | lay down | past | baby | skin | the cubs | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme among cub=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/1/90/