The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 11, sentence 44
They came from the little village not half a mile from the sea nurseries, and they were deciding what seals they would drive up to the killing pens--for the seals were driven just like sheep--to be turned into seal-skin jackets later on.
Who acts: Kerick, seals · What happens: come, decide, drive up, drive, turn · To what, where: little village, killing pens, seals, skin jackets · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kerick, seals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 came | nsubj |
| 2 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | from | from | ADP | _ | 6 village | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 village | det |
| 5 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 village | amod |
| 6 | village | village | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 came | obl |
| 7 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 10 mile | advmod |
| 8 | half | half | DET | NumForm=Word NumType=Frac PronType=Ind | 10 mile | det:predet |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 mile | det |
| 10 | mile | mile | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 village | nmod |
| 11 | from | from | ADP | _ | 14 nurseries | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 nurseries | det |
| 13 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 nurseries | compound |
| 14 | nurseries | nursery | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 mile | nmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 deciding | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 deciding | cc |
| 17 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 deciding | nsubj |
| 18 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 deciding | aux |
| 19 | deciding | decide | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 came | advcl |
| 20 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 24 drive | obj |
| 21 | seals | seal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 drive | nsubj |
| 22 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 drive | nsubj |
| 23 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 24 drive | aux |
| 24 | drive | drive | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 deciding | ccomp |
| 25 | up | up | ADP | _ | 24 drive | compound:prt |
| 26 | to | to | ADP | _ | 29 pens | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 pens | det |
| 28 | killing | killing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 pens | compound |
| 29 | pens | pen | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 drive | obl |
| 30 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 35 driven | punct |
| 31 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 35 driven | mark |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 seals | det |
| 33 | seals | seal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 driven | nsubj:pass |
| 34 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 driven | aux:pass |
| 35 | driven | drive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 came | parataxis |
| 36 | just | just | ADV | _ | 38 sheep | advmod |
| 37 | like | like | ADP | _ | 38 sheep | case |
| 38 | sheep | sheep | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 driven | obj |
| 39 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 42 turned | punct |
| 40 | to | to | PART | _ | 42 turned | mark |
| 41 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 42 turned | aux:pass |
| 42 | turned | turn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 35 driven | conj |
| 43 | into | into | ADP | _ | 47 jackets | case |
| 44 | seal | seal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 skin | compound |
| 45 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 44 seal | punct |
| 46 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 jackets | compound |
| 47 | jackets | jacket | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 turned | obl |
| 48 | later | late | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 49 on | advmod |
| 49 | on | on | ADV | _ | 42 turned | advmod |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | Kerick | the little village half mile from the sea nurseries | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from village=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | decide | past · progressive | Kerick | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | drive up | would | seals | the killing pens | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent what=Theme to pen=Trajectory | ||||
| 4 | drive | past · passive | the seals | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Theme sheep=Destination | |||||
| 5 | turn | to-infinitive · passive | skin jackets | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: into jacket=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/11/44/