The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 12, sentence 31
This time he went westward, because he had fallen on the trail of a great shoal of halibut, and he needed at least one hundred pounds of fish a day to keep him in good condition.
Who acts: seal · What happens: go, fall, need, keep · To what, where: trail, hundred pounds, seal, good condition
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (seal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 2 time | det |
| 2 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 went | obl:unmarked |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 went | nsubj |
| 4 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | westward | westward | ADV | _ | 4 went | advmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 fallen | punct |
| 7 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 10 fallen | mark |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 fallen | nsubj |
| 9 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 fallen | aux |
| 10 | fallen | fall | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 went | conj |
| 11 | on | on | ADP | _ | 13 trail | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 trail | det |
| 13 | trail | trail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 fallen | obl |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 shoal | case |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 shoal | det |
| 16 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 shoal | amod |
| 17 | shoal | shoal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 trail | nmod |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 halibut | case |
| 19 | halibut | halibut | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 shoal | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 needed | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 needed | cc |
| 22 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 needed | nsubj |
| 23 | needed | need | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 went | conj |
| 24 | at | at | ADP | _ | 25 least | case |
| 25 | least | least | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 26 one | nmod |
| 26 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 27 hundred | compound |
| 27 | hundred | hundred | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 28 pounds | nummod |
| 28 | pounds | pound | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 needed | obj |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 fish | case |
| 30 | fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 pounds | nmod |
| 31 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 day | det |
| 32 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 needed | obl:unmarked |
| 33 | to | to | PART | _ | 34 keep | mark |
| 34 | keep | keep | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 needed | advcl |
| 35 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 keep | obj |
| 36 | in | in | ADP | _ | 38 condition | case |
| 37 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 condition | amod |
| 38 | condition | condition | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 keep | obl |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | seal | time | westward property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | fall | past · perfect | seal | the trail of a great shoal of halibut | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on trail=Location | ||||
| 3 | need | past | seal | hundred pounds of fish | day | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot pound=Theme | |||
| 4 | keep | to-infinitive | seal not said here | seal | good condition | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent he=Theme in condition=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/12/31/