The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 12, sentence 67

They headed for a cliff by the shore--a cliff that ran down into deep water, and plunged into a dark hole at the foot of it, twenty fathoms under the sea.

Who acts: miles, cliff · What happens: head, run down, plunge · To what, where: deep water, dark hole

This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (miles, cliff), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 headed	nsubj
2	headed	head	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	for	for	ADP	_	5 cliff	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 cliff	det
5	cliff	cliff	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 headed	obl
6	by	by	ADP	_	8 shore	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 shore	det
8	shore	shore	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 headed	obl
9	--	--	PUNCT	_	11 cliff	punct
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 cliff	det
11	cliff	cliff	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 shore	conj
12	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	13 ran	nsubj
13	ran	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 cliff	acl:relcl
14	down	down	ADV	_	13 ran	advmod
15	into	into	ADP	_	17 water	case
16	deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 water	amod
17	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 ran	obl
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 plunged	punct
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 plunged	cc
20	plunged	plunge	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 headed	conj
21	into	into	ADP	_	24 hole	case
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	24 hole	det
23	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 hole	amod
24	hole	hole	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 plunged	obl
25	at	at	ADP	_	27 foot	case
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 foot	det
27	foot	foot	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 hole	nmod
28	of	of	ADP	_	29 it	case
29	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	27 foot	nmod
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	32 fathoms	punct
31	twenty	twenty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	32 fathoms	nummod
32	fathoms	fathom	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 hole	conj
33	under	under	ADP	_	35 sea	case
34	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	35 sea	det
35	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 fathoms	nmod
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 headed	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	head	past	miles = mile		for a cliff; by the shore and a cliff	vn conduct-111.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	run down	past	a cliff		into deep water result; down property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into water=Result
3	plunge	participle	miles = mile not said here	a dark hole at the foot of water and twenty fathoms under the sea		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into hole=Initial_Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/12/67/