The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 15, sentence 63
It still lay on the veranda, and Nagaina came nearer and nearer to it, till at last, while Rikki-tikki was drawing breath, she caught it in her mouth, turned to the veranda steps, and flew like an arrow down the path, with Rikki-tikki behind her.
Who acts: matting, Nagaina, Rikki tikki · What happens: lay, come, draw, catch, turn, fly · To what, where: veranda, breath, matting, mouth, path
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (matting, Nagaina, Rikki tikki), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 lay | nsubj |
| 2 | still | still | ADV | _ | 3 lay | advmod |
| 3 | lay | lay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | on | on | ADP | _ | 6 veranda | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 veranda | det |
| 6 | veranda | veranda | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 lay | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 came | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 came | cc |
| 9 | Nagaina | Nagaina | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 came | nsubj |
| 10 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 lay | advcl |
| 11 | nearer | near | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 10 came | xcomp |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 nearer | cc |
| 13 | nearer | near | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 11 nearer | conj |
| 14 | to | to | ADP | _ | 15 it | case |
| 15 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 nearer | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 last | punct |
| 17 | till | till | ADP | _ | 19 last | case |
| 18 | at | at | ADP | _ | 19 last | case |
| 19 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 came | conj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 drawing | punct |
| 21 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 26 drawing | mark |
| 22 | Rikki | Rikki | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 tikki | compound |
| 23 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 22 Rikki | punct |
| 24 | tikki | tikki | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 drawing | nsubj |
| 25 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 drawing | aux |
| 26 | drawing | draw | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 came | advcl |
| 27 | breath | breath | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 drawing | obj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 caught | punct |
| 29 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 caught | nsubj |
| 30 | caught | catch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 came | parataxis |
| 31 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 caught | obj |
| 32 | in | in | ADP | _ | 34 mouth | case |
| 33 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 mouth | nmod:poss |
| 34 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 caught | obl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 turned | punct |
| 36 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 caught | conj |
| 37 | to | to | ADP | _ | 40 steps | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 steps | det |
| 39 | veranda | veranda | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 steps | compound |
| 40 | steps | step | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 turned | obl |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 flew | punct |
| 42 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 flew | cc |
| 43 | flew | fly | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 came | parataxis |
| 44 | like | like | ADP | _ | 46 arrow | case |
| 45 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 46 arrow | det |
| 46 | arrow | arrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 flew | obl |
| 47 | down | down | ADP | _ | 49 path | case |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 path | det |
| 49 | path | path | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 flew | obl |
| 50 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 54 tikki | punct |
| 51 | with | with | ADP | _ | 54 tikki | case |
| 52 | Rikki | Rikki | PROPN | Number=Sing | 54 tikki | compound |
| 53 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 52 Rikki | punct |
| 54 | tikki | tikki | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 flew | conj |
| 55 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 56 her | case |
| 56 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 54 tikki | nmod |
| 57 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 lay | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lay | present | matting | the veranda | still | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on veranda=Destination | |||
| 2 | come | past | Nagaina | near property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | draw | past · progressive | Rikki tikki | breath | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent breath=Theme | ||||
| 4 | catch | past | Nagaina | matting | Nagaina's mouth | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | |||
| 5 | turn | past | Nagaina not said here | to the veranda steps | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme to step=Trajectory | ||||
| 6 | fly | past | the path | like a arrow | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme down path=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/15/63/