The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 17, sentence 55

They were part of a circle of trees that grew round an irregular space of some three or four acres, and in all that space, as Little Toomai could see, the ground had been trampled down as hard as a brick floor.

Who acts: tops, trees, Little Toomai · What happens: be, grow, see, trample down · To what, where: part, space, ground

This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 17. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tops, trees, Little Toomai), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 part	nsubj
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 part	cop
3	part	part	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 circle	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 circle	det
6	circle	circle	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 part	nmod
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 trees	case
8	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 circle	nmod
9	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 grew	nsubj
10	grew	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 trees	acl:relcl
11	round	round	ADP	_	14 space	case
12	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 space	det
13	irregular	irregular	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 space	amod
14	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 grew	obl
15	of	of	ADP	_	20 acres	case
16	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	20 acres	det
17	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	20 acres	nummod
18	or	or	CCONJ	_	19 four	cc
19	four	four	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	17 three	conj
20	acres	acre	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 space	nmod
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 space	punct
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 space	cc
23	in	in	ADP	_	26 space	case
24	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	26 space	det:predet
25	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	26 space	det
26	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 part	nmod
27	,	,	PUNCT	_	32 see	punct
28	as	as	SCONJ	_	32 see	mark
29	Little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	30 Toomai	amod
30	Toomai	Toomai	PROPN	Number=Sing	32 see	nsubj
31	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	32 see	aux
32	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	26 space	conj
33	,	,	PUNCT	_	38 trampled	punct
34	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	35 ground	det
35	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 trampled	nsubj:pass
36	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	38 trampled	aux
37	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	38 trampled	aux:pass
38	trampled	trample	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 part	conj
39	down	down	ADP	_	38 trampled	compound:prt
40	as	as	ADV	_	41 hard	advmod
41	hard	hard	ADV	Degree=Pos	38 trampled	advmod
42	as	as	ADP	_	45 floor	case
43	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	45 floor	det
44	brick	brick	NOUN	Number=Sing	45 floor	compound
45	floor	floor	NOUN	Number=Sing	41 hard	obl
46	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 part	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is a	past	tops = top	part	all space	of a circle of trees	tree rules
2	grow	past	trees			round a irregular space of some three acres	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	see	could	Little Toomai				vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
4	trample down	past · perfect · passive		the ground		hard property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/17/55/