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The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 17, sentence 67

Once they started and put their ears forward when they heard the chinking of a leg iron in the forest, but it was Pudmini, Petersen Sahib’s pet elephant, her chain snapped short off, grunting, snuffling up the hillside.

Who acts: elephants, forest, Pudmini · What happens: start, put, hear, chink, be, snap · To what, where: ears, Pudmini, hillside

This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 17. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (elephants, forest, Pudmini), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

marknsubjccconjnmod:possobjadvmodadvmodnsubjparataxisdetxcompcasedetcompoundoblcasedetnmodpunctccnsubjcopnsubjpunctflatnmod:posscasecompoundappospunctnmod:possconjconjxcompcompound:prtpunctadvclpunctconjcompound:prtdetobjpunctrootOnceSCONJtheyPRONstartedVERBandCCONJputVERBtheirPRONearsNOUNforwardADVwhenADVtheyPRONheardVERBtheDETchinkingVERBofADPaDETlegNOUNironNOUNinADPtheDETforestNOUN,PUNCTbutCCONJitPRONwasAUXPudminiPROPN,PUNCTPetersenPROPNSahibPROPN’sPARTpetNOUNelephantNOUN,PUNCTherPRONchainNOUNsnappedVERBshortADJoffADP,PUNCTgruntingVERB,PUNCTsnufflingVERBupADPtheDEThillsideNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1OnceonceSCONJ_3 startedmark
2theytheyPRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs3 startednsubj
3startedstartVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
4andandCCONJ_5 putcc
5putputVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin3 startedconj
6theirtheirPRONCase=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs7 earsnmod:poss
7earsearNOUNNumber=Plur5 putobj
8forwardforwardADV_5 putadvmod
9whenwhenADVPronType=Int11 heardadvmod
10theytheyPRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs11 heardnsubj
11heardhearVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin5 putparataxis
12thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art13 chinkingdet
13chinkingchinkVERBVerbForm=Ger11 heardxcomp
14ofofADP_17 ironcase
15aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art17 irondet
16leglegNOUNNumber=Sing17 ironcompound
17ironironNOUNNumber=Sing13 chinkingobl
18ininADP_20 forestcase
19thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art20 forestdet
20forestforestNOUNNumber=Sing17 ironnmod
21,,PUNCT_35 snappedpunct
22butbutCCONJ_35 snappedcc
23ititPRONCase=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs25 Pudmininsubj
24wasbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin25 Pudminicop
25PudminiPudminiPROPNNumber=Sing35 snappednsubj
26,,PUNCT_27 Petersenpunct
27PetersenPetersenPROPNNumber=Sing25 Pudminiflat
28SahibSahibPROPNNumber=Sing31 elephantnmod:poss
29’s'sPART_28 Sahibcase
30petpetNOUNNumber=Sing31 elephantcompound
31elephantelephantNOUNNumber=Sing25 Pudminiappos
32,,PUNCT_34 chainpunct
33herherPRONCase=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs34 chainnmod:poss
34chainchainNOUNNumber=Sing25 Pudminiconj
35snappedsnapVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin3 startedconj
36shortshortADJDegree=Pos35 snappedxcomp
37offoffADP_36 shortcompound:prt
38,,PUNCT_39 gruntingpunct
39gruntinggruntVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part35 snappedadvcl
40,,PUNCT_41 snufflingpunct
41snufflingsnuffleVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part39 gruntingconj
42upupADP_41 snufflingcompound:prt
43thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art44 hillsidedet
44hillsidehillsideNOUNNumber=Sing41 snufflingobj
45..PUNCT_3 startedpunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1startpastelephants = elephantvn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
2putpastelephants = elephant not said hereelephants's earsforward propertyvn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent ear=Goal
3hearpastelephants = elephantvn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
4chinkgerundelephants = elephant not said hereof a leg iron in the forestvn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5is apastforestPudmini and Sahib's chaintree rules
6snappastPudmini and Sahib's chainshort propertyvn sound_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location
7gruntgerundPudmini and Sahib's chain not said herevn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent
8snuffle upgerundPudmini and Sahib's chain not said herethe hillsidevn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hillside=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/17/67/