The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 18, sentence 11
Two hours later, as Petersen Sahib was eating early breakfast, his elephants, who had been double chained that night, began to trumpet, and Pudmini, mired to the shoulders, with Kala Nag, very footsore, shambled into the camp.
Who acts: Petersen, elephants, Pudmini · What happens: eat, be, begin, trumpet, mire, shamble · To what, where: early breakfast, camp
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Petersen, elephants, Pudmini), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 2 hours | nummod |
| 2 | hours | hour | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 later | obl:unmarked |
| 3 | later | late | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 9 eating | advmod |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 eating | punct |
| 5 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 9 eating | mark |
| 6 | Petersen | Petersen | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 eating | nsubj |
| 7 | Sahib | Sahib | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 Petersen | flat |
| 8 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 eating | aux |
| 9 | eating | eat | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 10 | early | early | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 breakfast | amod |
| 11 | breakfast | breakfast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 eating | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 elephants | punct |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 elephants | nmod:poss |
| 14 | elephants | elephant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 breakfast | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 chained | punct |
| 16 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 20 chained | nsubj |
| 17 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 chained | aux |
| 18 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 20 chained | cop |
| 19 | double | double | ADV | _ | 20 chained | advmod |
| 20 | chained | chain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 elephants | acl:relcl |
| 21 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 22 night | det |
| 22 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 chained | obl:unmarked |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 began | punct |
| 24 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 chained | conj |
| 25 | to | to | PART | _ | 26 trumpet | mark |
| 26 | trumpet | trumpet | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 began | xcomp |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 mired | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 mired | cc |
| 29 | Pudmini | Pudmini | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 mired | nsubj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 mired | punct |
| 31 | mired | mire | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 9 eating | conj |
| 32 | to | to | ADP | _ | 34 shoulders | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 shoulders | det |
| 34 | shoulders | shoulder | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 mired | obl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 Kala | punct |
| 36 | with | with | ADP | _ | 37 Kala | case |
| 37 | Kala | Kala | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 mired | obl:agent |
| 38 | Nag | Nag | PROPN | Number=Sing | 37 Kala | flat |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 footsore | punct |
| 40 | very | very | ADV | _ | 41 footsore | advmod |
| 41 | footsore | footsore | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 mired | conj |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 shambled | punct |
| 43 | shambled | shamble | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 41 footsore | conj |
| 44 | into | into | ADP | _ | 46 camp | case |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 camp | det |
| 46 | camp | camp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 shambled | obl |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 eating | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | eat | past · progressive | Petersen | early breakfast and Petersen's elephants | late property | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent breakfast=Patient | |||
| 2 | is | past · perfect | Petersen's elephants | night | chain, double property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | begin | past | Petersen's elephants not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | trumpet | to-infinitive | Petersen's elephants not said here | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | mire | participle | Pudmini | to the shoulders | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | shamble | participle | Pudmini not said here | the camp | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into camp=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/18/11/