The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 18, sentence 40
What never man has seen he has seen through the long night, and the favor of the elephant-folk and of the Gods of the Jungles is with him.
Who acts: man, grandfather, favor · What happens: not see, see, be, favor · To what, where: elephant folk
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, grandfather, favor), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Rel | 5 seen | obl |
| 2 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 5 seen | advmod |
| 3 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 seen | nsubj |
| 4 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 seen | aux |
| 5 | seen | see | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 seen | nsubj |
| 7 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 seen | aux |
| 8 | seen | see | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 5 seen | conj |
| 9 | through | through | ADP | _ | 12 night | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 night | det |
| 11 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 night | amod |
| 12 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 seen | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 him | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 him | cc |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 favor | det |
| 16 | favor | favor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 him | nsubj |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 folk | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 folk | det |
| 19 | elephant | elephant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 folk | compound |
| 20 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 19 elephant | punct |
| 21 | folk | folk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 favor | nmod |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 Gods | cc |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 Gods | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 Gods | det |
| 25 | Gods | God | PROPN | Number=Plur | 21 folk | nmod |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 Jungles | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 Jungles | det |
| 28 | Jungles | Jungle | PROPN | Number=Plur | 25 Gods | nmod |
| 29 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 him | cop |
| 30 | with | with | ADP | _ | 31 him | case |
| 31 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 seen | obl:agent |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 seen | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not see | present · perfect | man | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 2 | see | present · perfect | grandfather | night | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 3 | is | present | the favor of the elephant folk of the Gods of the Jungles | with grandfather | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | favor | the elephant folk of the Gods of the Jungles | nom favor «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/18/40/