The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 19, sentence 161
They both reared up facing each other, and I was expecting a furious fight, when a gurgly, rumbly voice, called out of the darkness to the right--“Children, what are you fighting about there?
Who acts: legs, I, rumbly voice, you · What happens: rear up, face, expect, call out, fight · To what, where: each, furious fight, darkness, Children · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (legs, I, rumbly voice, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 reared | nsubj |
| 2 | both | both | ADV | _ | 3 reared | advmod |
| 3 | reared | rear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | up | up | ADP | _ | 3 reared | compound:prt |
| 5 | facing | face | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 reared | advcl |
| 6 | each | each | DET | ExtPos=PRON PronType=Rcp | 5 facing | obj |
| 7 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 each | fixed |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 expecting | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 expecting | cc |
| 10 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 12 expecting | nsubj |
| 11 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 expecting | aux |
| 12 | expecting | expect | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 reared | advcl |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 fight | det |
| 14 | furious | furious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 fight | amod |
| 15 | fight | fight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 expecting | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 when | punct |
| 17 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 12 expecting | advmod |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 voice | det |
| 19 | gurgly | gurgly | ADV | _ | 21 rumbly | advmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 gurgly | punct |
| 21 | rumbly | rumbly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 voice | amod |
| 22 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 when | nsubj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 called | punct |
| 24 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 voice | acl |
| 25 | out | out | ADP | _ | 28 darkness | case |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 darkness | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 darkness | det |
| 28 | darkness | darkness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 called | obl |
| 29 | to | to | ADP | _ | 31 right | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 right | det |
| 31 | right | right | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 darkness | nmod |
| 32 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 34 Children | punct |
| 33 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 34 Children | punct |
| 34 | Children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 right | appos |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 fighting | punct |
| 36 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 39 fighting | obj |
| 37 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 39 fighting | aux |
| 38 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 39 fighting | nsubj |
| 39 | fighting | fight | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 34 Children | parataxis |
| 40 | about | about | ADV | _ | 41 there | advmod |
| 41 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 39 fighting | advmod |
| 42 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 reared | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rear up | past | legs = leg | both property | vn rear-26.2.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | face | gerund | legs = leg not said here | each | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme each=Destination | ||||
| 3 | expect | past · progressive | I | a furious fight | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fight=Theme | ||||
| 4 | call out speech: ask | participle | a rumbly voice not said here | the darkness to the right | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent darkness=Recipient | ||||
| 5 | fight in a quote | present · progressive | you | Children | there | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Co-Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/19/161/