The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 19, sentence 94
Then I heard him say, as he cleared his throat, nervously:
Who acts: I, back · What happens: hear, say, clear · To what, where: back, throat · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, back), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 heard | advmod |
| 2 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 heard | nsubj |
| 3 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 heard | obj |
| 5 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 heard | xcomp |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 cleared | punct |
| 7 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 9 cleared | mark |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 cleared | nsubj |
| 9 | cleared | clear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 heard | conj |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 throat | nmod:poss |
| 11 | throat | throat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 cleared | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 nervously | punct |
| 13 | nervously | nervously | ADV | _ | 9 cleared | advmod |
| 14 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 3 heard | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | I | back | then | tree rules | |||
| 2 | say speech: assert | infinitive | back not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | clear | past | back | back's throat | nervously property | vn clear-10.3-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent throat=Source |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/19/94/