The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 2, sentence 115
“That is why,” he said, shifting his paw on the leaves.
Who acts: That, Panther · What happens: be, say, shift · To what, where: paw, leaves · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (That, Panther), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 said | punct |
| 2 | That | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 why | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 why | cop |
| 4 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 8 said | advmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 why | punct |
| 6 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 why | punct |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 said | nsubj |
| 8 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 shifting | punct |
| 10 | shifting | shift | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 said | advcl |
| 11 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 paw | nmod:poss |
| 12 | paw | paw | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 shifting | obj |
| 13 | on | on | ADP | _ | 15 leaves | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 leaves | det |
| 15 | leaves | leaf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 shifting | obl |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is in a quote | present | That | why property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | Panther | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | shift | gerund | Panther not said here | Panther's paw | the leaves | vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer paw=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/2/115/