The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 2, sentence 49
He was thinking of the time that comes to every leader of every pack when his strength goes from him and he gets feebler and feebler, till at last he is killed by the wolves and a new leader comes up--to be killed in his turn.
Who acts: Akela, time, strength, wolves, last · What happens: think, come, go, get, kill, come up · To what, where: leader, Akela, turn
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Akela, time, strength, wolves), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 thinking | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 thinking | aux |
| 3 | thinking | think | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 time | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 time | det |
| 6 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 thinking | obl |
| 7 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 comes | nsubj |
| 8 | comes | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 time | acl:relcl |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 leader | case |
| 10 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 11 leader | det |
| 11 | leader | leader | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 comes | obl |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 pack | case |
| 13 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 14 pack | det |
| 14 | pack | pack | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 leader | nmod |
| 15 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 18 goes | mark |
| 16 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 strength | nmod:poss |
| 17 | strength | strength | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 goes | nsubj |
| 18 | goes | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 thinking | advcl |
| 19 | from | from | ADP | _ | 20 him | case |
| 20 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 goes | obl |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 gets | cc |
| 22 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 gets | nsubj |
| 23 | gets | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 thinking | conj |
| 24 | feebler | feeble | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 23 gets | xcomp |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 feebler | cc |
| 26 | feebler | feeble | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 24 feebler | conj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 comes | punct |
| 28 | till | till | ADP | _ | 30 last | case |
| 29 | at | at | ADP | _ | 30 last | case |
| 30 | last | last | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 comes | nsubj |
| 31 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 killed | nsubj:pass |
| 32 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 killed | aux:pass |
| 33 | killed | kill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 30 last | acl:relcl |
| 34 | by | by | ADP | _ | 36 wolves | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 wolves | det |
| 36 | wolves | wolf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 killed | obl |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 leader | cc |
| 38 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 40 leader | det |
| 39 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 leader | amod |
| 40 | leader | leader | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 wolves | conj |
| 41 | comes | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 gets | parataxis |
| 42 | up | up | ADP | _ | 41 comes | compound:prt |
| 43 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 46 killed | punct |
| 44 | to | to | PART | _ | 46 killed | mark |
| 45 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 46 killed | aux:pass |
| 46 | killed | kill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 41 comes | conj |
| 47 | in | in | ADP | _ | 49 turn | case |
| 48 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 49 turn | nmod:poss |
| 49 | turn | turn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 killed | obl |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 thinking | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | think speech: other | past · progressive | Akela | time | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | come | present | the time | every leader of every pack | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to leader=Initial_Location | ||||
| 3 | go | present | Akela's strength | from Akela | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme from he=Initial_Location | ||||
| 4 | get | present | Akela | feeble property | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 5 | kill | present · passive | the wolves and a new leader | Akela | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | ||||
| 6 | come up | present | last | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 7 | kill | to-infinitive · passive | last not said here | Akela's turn | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle» |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/2/49/