The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 20, sentence 122
Who’d have thought of two big lumps like those losing their heads?” said Billy.
Who acts: Billy · What happens: think, lose, say · To what, where: heads · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 20. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Billy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 4 thought | nsubj |
| 2 | ’d | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 thought | aux |
| 3 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 4 thought | aux |
| 4 | thought | think | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 16 said | ccomp |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 lumps | case |
| 6 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 8 lumps | nummod |
| 7 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 lumps | amod |
| 8 | lumps | lump | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 thought | obl |
| 9 | like | like | ADP | _ | 10 those | case |
| 10 | those | that | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 8 lumps | nmod |
| 11 | losing | lose | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 10 those | acl |
| 12 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 heads | nmod:poss |
| 13 | heads | head | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 losing | obj |
| 14 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 thought | punct |
| 15 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 thought | punct |
| 16 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 17 | Billy | Billy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 said | nsubj |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | think speech: other | would · perfect | of two big lumps like those | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | lose | gerund | lumps's heads | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | say speech: assert in a quote | past | Billy | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/20/122/