The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 20, sentence 150
I gave a cheer all by myself for Billy the mule, but he never looked right or left.
Who acts: I, mule · What happens: give, not look, leave · To what, where: cheer
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 20. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, mule), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 gave | nsubj |
| 2 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 cheer | det |
| 4 | cheer | cheer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 gave | obj |
| 5 | all | all | ADV | _ | 7 myself | advmod |
| 6 | by | by | ADP | _ | 7 myself | case |
| 7 | myself | myself | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 2 gave | obl |
| 8 | for | for | ADP | _ | 9 Billy | case |
| 9 | Billy | Billy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 gave | obl |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 mule | det |
| 11 | mule | mule | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 Billy | appos |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 looked | punct |
| 13 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 16 looked | cc |
| 14 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 looked | nsubj |
| 15 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 16 looked | advmod |
| 16 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 gave | conj |
| 17 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 looked | xcomp |
| 18 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 19 left | cc |
| 19 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 right | conj |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 gave | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | past | I | a cheer | by myself; for Billy | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent cheer=Theme for billy=Asset | |||
| 2 | not look | past | mule | right property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | leave | participle | mule not said here | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/20/150/