The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 20, sentence 22
Yes, we have been here all night,” said the bullocks.
Who acts: we · What happens: be, say · To what, where: bullocks · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 20. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 6 here | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Yes | punct |
| 3 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 6 here | nsubj |
| 4 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 here | aux |
| 5 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 6 here | cop |
| 6 | here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 11 said | ccomp |
| 7 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 8 night | det |
| 8 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 here | obl:unmarked |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 night | punct |
| 10 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 here | punct |
| 11 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 bullocks | det |
| 13 | bullocks | bullock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 said | obj |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present · perfect | we | night | here property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | say speech: assert in a quote | past | the bullocks | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent bullock=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/20/22/