The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 20, sentence 29
If I was like my captain--he can see things inside his head before the firing begins, and he shakes all over, but he knows too much to run away--if I was like him I could pull the guns.
Who acts: I, Billy, firing · What happens: be, see, begin, shake, know, run away · To what, where: things, head, much, guns
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 20. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, Billy, firing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 6 captain | mark |
| 2 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 6 captain | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 captain | cop |
| 4 | like | like | ADP | _ | 6 captain | case |
| 5 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 captain | nmod:poss |
| 6 | captain | captain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 see | advcl |
| 7 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 6 captain | punct |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 see | nsubj |
| 9 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 10 see | aux |
| 10 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 11 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 see | obj |
| 12 | inside | inside | ADP | _ | 14 head | case |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 head | nmod:poss |
| 14 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 see | obl |
| 15 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 18 begins | mark |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 firing | det |
| 17 | firing | firing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 begins | nsubj |
| 18 | begins | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 see | advcl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 shakes | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 shakes | cc |
| 21 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 shakes | nsubj |
| 22 | shakes | shake | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 begins | conj |
| 23 | all | all | ADV | _ | 24 over | advmod |
| 24 | over | over | ADV | _ | 22 shakes | advmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 knows | punct |
| 26 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 28 knows | cc |
| 27 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 knows | nsubj |
| 28 | knows | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 see | parataxis |
| 29 | too | too | ADV | _ | 30 much | advmod |
| 30 | much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 knows | obj |
| 31 | to | to | PART | _ | 32 run | mark |
| 32 | run | run | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 30 much | acl |
| 33 | away | away | ADV | _ | 32 run | advmod |
| 34 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 42 pull | punct |
| 35 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 39 him | mark |
| 36 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 39 him | nsubj |
| 37 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 him | cop |
| 38 | like | like | ADP | _ | 39 him | case |
| 39 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 42 pull | advcl |
| 40 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 42 pull | nsubj |
| 41 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 42 pull | aux |
| 42 | pull | pull | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 knows | conj |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 guns | det |
| 44 | guns | gun | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 pull | obj |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 see | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a condition, not said to happen | past | I | like my captain | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | see | can | Billy | things | Billy's head | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer thing=Stimulus | |||
| 3 | begin | present | the firing | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | shake | present | firing | over property | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | know | present | firing | much | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer much=Stimulus | ||||
| 6 | run away | to-infinitive | away property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 7 | is a condition, not said to happen | past | I | like Billy | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | pull | could | I | the guns | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gun=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/20/29/