The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 3, sentence 109
Then he stretched out his arms, and yawned in the face of the Council; but he was furious with rage and sorrow, for, wolflike, the wolves had never told him how they hated him.
Who acts: Mowgli, wolves · What happens: stretch out, yawn, be, not tell, hate · To what, where: arms, wolves, Mowgli · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mowgli, wolves), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 stretched | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 stretched | nsubj |
| 3 | stretched | stretch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | out | out | ADP | _ | 3 stretched | compound:prt |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 arms | nmod:poss |
| 6 | arms | arm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 stretched | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 yawned | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 yawned | cc |
| 9 | yawned | yawn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 stretched | conj |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 face | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 face | det |
| 12 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 yawned | obl |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 Council | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 Council | det |
| 15 | Council | Council | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 face | nmod |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 furious | punct |
| 17 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 20 furious | cc |
| 18 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 furious | nsubj |
| 19 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 furious | cop |
| 20 | furious | furious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 stretched | parataxis |
| 21 | with | with | ADP | _ | 22 rage | case |
| 22 | rage | rage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 furious | obl |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 sorrow | cc |
| 24 | sorrow | sorrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 rage | conj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 wolflike | punct |
| 26 | for | for | ADP | _ | 28 wolflike | case |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 wolflike | punct |
| 28 | wolflike | wolflike | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 furious | conj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 told | punct |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 wolves | det |
| 31 | wolves | wolf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 told | nsubj:pass |
| 32 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 told | aux |
| 33 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 34 told | advmod |
| 34 | told | tell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 28 wolflike | parataxis |
| 35 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 told | iobj |
| 36 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 38 hated | advmod |
| 37 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 hated | nsubj |
| 38 | hated | hate | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 told | advcl |
| 39 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 hated | obj |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 stretched | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stretch out | past | Mowgli | Mowgli's arms | then | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent arm=Patient | |||
| 2 | yawn | participle | Mowgli not said here | in the face of the Council | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in face=Theme | ||||
| 3 | is | past | Mowgli | with rage and sorrow; furious property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | be | Mowgli not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 5 | not tell speech: assert | past · perfect · passive | the wolves | Mowgli | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient he=Topic | ||||
| 6 | hate | past | wolves = wolf | Mowgli | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/3/109/