The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 4, sentence 13
Then, too, Mowgli was taught the Strangers’ Hunting Call, which must be repeated aloud till it is answered, whenever one of the Jungle-People hunts outside his own grounds.
Who acts: Strangers, one · What happens: teach, ', hunt, repeat, answer · To what, where: Mowgli, Hunting Call, stranger, own grounds · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Strangers, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 7 taught | advmod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Then | punct |
| 3 | too | too | ADV | _ | 7 taught | advmod |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 too | punct |
| 5 | Mowgli | Mowgli | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 taught | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 taught | aux:pass |
| 7 | taught | teach | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 Strangers | det |
| 9 | Strangers | Stranger | PROPN | Number=Plur | 10 ’ | nsubj |
| 10 | ’ | ' | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 taught | ccomp |
| 11 | Hunting | hunt | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 12 Call | amod |
| 12 | Call | call | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 ’ | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 repeated | punct |
| 14 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 repeated | nsubj:pass |
| 15 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 17 repeated | aux |
| 16 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 17 repeated | aux:pass |
| 17 | repeated | repeat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 Call | conj |
| 18 | aloud | aloud | ADV | _ | 17 repeated | advmod |
| 19 | till | till | SCONJ | _ | 22 answered | mark |
| 20 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 answered | nsubj:pass |
| 21 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 answered | aux:pass |
| 22 | answered | answer | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 repeated | advcl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 hunts | punct |
| 24 | whenever | whenever | SCONJ | _ | 31 hunts | mark |
| 25 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 31 hunts | nsubj |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 People | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 People | det |
| 28 | Jungle | Jungle | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 People | compound |
| 29 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 28 Jungle | punct |
| 30 | People | People | PROPN | Number=Plur | 25 one | nmod |
| 31 | hunts | hunt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 answered | conj |
| 32 | outside | outside | ADP | _ | 35 grounds | case |
| 33 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 grounds | nmod:poss |
| 34 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 grounds | amod |
| 35 | grounds | grounds | NOUN | Number=Ptan | 31 hunts | obl |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 taught | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | teach speech: other | past · passive | Mowgli | then | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | ' | past | the Strangers | Hunting Call | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | hunt | gerund | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | repeat | must · passive | Hunting Call | aloud property | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality | ||||
| 5 | answer speech: assert | present · passive | stranger | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: subject=Eventuality | |||||
| 6 | hunt | present | one of the Jungle People | Mowgli's own grounds | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent outside grounds=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/4/13/