The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 4, sentence 34
I am more likely to give help than to ask it”--Bagheera stretched out one paw and admired the steel-blue, ripping-chisel talons at the end of it--“still I should like to know.”
Who acts: I, Bagheera · What happens: be, give, ask, stretch out, admire, like · To what, where: help, one paw, blue chisel talons, end · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, Bagheera), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 likely | nsubj |
| 2 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 likely | cop |
| 3 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 4 likely | advmod |
| 4 | likely | likely | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 give | mark |
| 6 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 likely | xcomp |
| 7 | help | help | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 give | obj |
| 8 | than | than | SCONJ | _ | 10 ask | mark |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 ask | mark |
| 10 | ask | ask | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 give | advcl |
| 11 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 ask | obj |
| 12 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 likely | punct |
| 13 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 15 stretched | punct |
| 14 | Bagheera | Bagheera | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 stretched | nsubj |
| 15 | stretched | stretch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 likely | parataxis |
| 16 | out | out | ADP | _ | 15 stretched | compound:prt |
| 17 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 18 paw | nummod |
| 18 | paw | paw | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 stretched | obj |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 admired | cc |
| 20 | admired | admire | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 stretched | conj |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 talons | det |
| 22 | steel | steel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 blue | compound |
| 23 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 22 steel | punct |
| 24 | blue | blue | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 talons | amod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 blue | punct |
| 26 | ripping | ripping | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 chisel | amod |
| 27 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 26 ripping | punct |
| 28 | chisel | chisel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 talons | compound |
| 29 | talons | talon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 admired | obj |
| 30 | at | at | ADP | _ | 32 end | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 end | det |
| 32 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 admired | obl |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 it | case |
| 34 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 end | nmod |
| 35 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 40 like | punct |
| 36 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 40 like | punct |
| 37 | still | still | ADV | _ | 40 like | advmod |
| 38 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 40 like | nsubj |
| 39 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 40 like | aux |
| 40 | like | like | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 admired | conj |
| 41 | to | to | PART | _ | 42 know | mark |
| 42 | know | know | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 40 like | xcomp |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 likely | punct |
| 44 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 likely | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | I | likely property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | give | to-infinitive | I not said here | help | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent help=Theme | ||||
| 3 | ask speech: ask | to-infinitive | I not said here | help | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Recipient | ||||
| 4 | stretch out in a quote | past | Bagheera | one paw | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent paw=Patient | ||||
| 5 | admire in a quote | past | Bagheera not said here | the blue chisel talons | at the end of end | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer talon=Stimulus | |||
| 6 | like | should | I | still | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | ||||
| 7 | know not said to happen | to-infinitive | I not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/4/34/