The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 4, sentence 52
The answer was a perfectly indescribable hiss, and Mowgli kicked up his feet behind, clapped his hands together to applaud himself, and jumped on to Bagheera’s back, where he sat sideways, drumming with his heels on the glossy skin and making the worst faces he could think of at Baloo.
Who acts: answer, Mowgli · What happens: be, kick up, clap, applaud, jump on, sit · To what, where: indescribable hiss, feet, hands, Mowgli, glossy skin, worst faces
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (answer, Mowgli), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 answer | det |
| 2 | answer | answer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 hiss | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 hiss | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 hiss | det |
| 5 | perfectly | perfectly | ADV | _ | 6 indescribable | advmod |
| 6 | indescribable | indescribable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 hiss | amod |
| 7 | hiss | hiss | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 kicked | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 kicked | cc |
| 10 | Mowgli | Mowgli | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 kicked | nsubj |
| 11 | kicked | kick | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 hiss | parataxis |
| 12 | up | up | ADP | _ | 11 kicked | compound:prt |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 feet | nmod:poss |
| 14 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 kicked | obj |
| 15 | behind | behind | ADV | _ | 11 kicked | advmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 clapped | punct |
| 17 | clapped | clap | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 kicked | conj |
| 18 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 hands | nmod:poss |
| 19 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 clapped | obj |
| 20 | together | together | ADV | _ | 17 clapped | advmod |
| 21 | to | to | PART | _ | 22 applaud | mark |
| 22 | applaud | applaud | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 clapped | advcl |
| 23 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 22 applaud | obj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 jumped | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 jumped | cc |
| 26 | jumped | jump | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 kicked | conj |
| 27 | on | on | ADP | _ | 26 jumped | compound:prt |
| 28 | to | to | ADP | _ | 31 back | case |
| 29 | Bagheera | Bagheera | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 back | nmod:poss |
| 30 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 29 Bagheera | case |
| 31 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 jumped | obl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 sat | punct |
| 33 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 35 sat | advmod |
| 34 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 sat | nsubj |
| 35 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 jumped | conj |
| 36 | sideways | sideways | ADV | _ | 35 sat | advmod |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 drumming | punct |
| 38 | drumming | drum | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 35 sat | advcl |
| 39 | with | with | ADP | _ | 41 heels | case |
| 40 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 41 heels | nmod:poss |
| 41 | heels | heel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 drumming | obl |
| 42 | on | on | ADP | _ | 45 skin | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 skin | det |
| 44 | glossy | glossy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 skin | amod |
| 45 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 drumming | obl |
| 46 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 47 making | cc |
| 47 | making | make | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 38 drumming | conj |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 50 faces | det |
| 49 | worst | bad | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 50 faces | amod |
| 50 | faces | face | NOUN | Number=Plur | 47 making | obj |
| 51 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 53 think | nsubj |
| 52 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 53 think | aux |
| 53 | think | think | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 47 making | obl |
| 54 | of | of | ADP | _ | 56 Baloo | case |
| 55 | at | at | ADP | _ | 56 Baloo | case |
| 56 | Baloo | Baloo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 53 think | obl |
| 57 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 hiss | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | the answer | a indescribable hiss | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | kick up | past | Mowgli | Mowgli's feet | behind property | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent foot=Patient | |||
| 3 | clap | past | Mowgli not said here | Mowgli's hands | together property | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location hand=Theme | |||
| 4 | applaud | to-infinitive | Mowgli not said here | Mowgli | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer himself=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | jump on | past | Mowgli not said here | to Bagheera's back result | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to back=Result | ||||
| 6 | sit | past | Mowgli | sideways property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 7 | drum | gerund | Mowgli not said here | the glossy skin | with Bagheera's heels | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V PP PP»: agent=Agent with heel=Instrument | |||
| 8 | make | gerund | Mowgli not said here | the worst faces | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset face=Product | ||||
| 9 | think speech: other | could | Mowgli | of Baloo | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/4/52/