The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 4, sentence 56
Then he turned aside to tell Bagheera how he had begged the Master Words from Hathi the Wild Elephant, who knows all about these things, and how Hathi had taken Mowgli down to a pool to get the Snake Word from a water-snake, because Baloo could not pronounce it, and how Mowgli was now reasonably safe against all accidents in the jungle, because neither snake, bird, nor beast would hurt him.
Who acts: Bear, Master Words, Baloo, Mowgli, beast · What happens: turn, tell, beg, know, take down, get · To what, where: Bagheera, Master Words, Hathi, things, Snake Word, Elephant · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bear, Master Words, Baloo, Mowgli), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 turned | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 turned | nsubj |
| 3 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | aside | aside | ADV | _ | 3 turned | advmod |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 tell | mark |
| 6 | tell | tell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 turned | xcomp |
| 7 | Bagheera | Bagheera | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 tell | obj |
| 8 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 11 begged | advmod |
| 9 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 begged | nsubj |
| 10 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 begged | aux |
| 11 | begged | beg | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 6 tell | advcl |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 Words | det |
| 13 | Master | master | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 Words | compound |
| 14 | Words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 begged | obj |
| 15 | from | from | ADP | _ | 16 Hathi | case |
| 16 | Hathi | Hathi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 Words | nmod |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 Elephant | det |
| 18 | Wild | Wild | PROPN | _ | 19 Elephant | flat |
| 19 | Elephant | Elephant | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 Hathi | appos |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 knows | punct |
| 21 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 22 knows | nsubj |
| 22 | knows | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 Words | parataxis |
| 23 | all | all | ADV | _ | 26 things | advmod |
| 24 | about | about | ADP | _ | 26 things | case |
| 25 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 26 things | det |
| 26 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 knows | obj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 taken | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 taken | cc |
| 29 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 32 taken | advmod |
| 30 | Hathi | Hathi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 taken | nsubj:pass |
| 31 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 taken | aux |
| 32 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 turned | conj |
| 33 | Mowgli | Mowgli | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 taken | obj |
| 34 | down | down | ADV | _ | 32 taken | advmod |
| 35 | to | to | ADP | _ | 37 pool | case |
| 36 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 pool | det |
| 37 | pool | pool | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 taken | obl |
| 38 | to | to | PART | _ | 39 get | mark |
| 39 | get | get | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 taken | advcl |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 Word | det |
| 41 | Snake | Snake | PROPN | Number=Sing | 42 Word | compound |
| 42 | Word | Word | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 get | obj |
| 43 | from | from | ADP | _ | 47 snake | case |
| 44 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 47 snake | det |
| 45 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 snake | compound |
| 46 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 45 water | punct |
| 47 | snake | snake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 get | obl |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 53 pronounce | punct |
| 49 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 53 pronounce | mark |
| 50 | Baloo | Baloo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 53 pronounce | nsubj |
| 51 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 53 pronounce | aux |
| 52 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 53 pronounce | advmod |
| 53 | pronounce | pronounce | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 39 get | conj |
| 54 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 53 pronounce | obj |
| 55 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 62 safe | punct |
| 56 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 62 safe | cc |
| 57 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 62 safe | advmod |
| 58 | Mowgli | Mowgli | PROPN | Number=Sing | 62 safe | nsubj |
| 59 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 62 safe | cop |
| 60 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 61 reasonably | advmod |
| 61 | reasonably | reasonably | ADV | _ | 62 safe | advmod |
| 62 | safe | safe | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 turned | conj |
| 63 | against | against | ADP | _ | 65 accidents | case |
| 64 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 65 accidents | det |
| 65 | accidents | accident | NOUN | Number=Plur | 62 safe | obl |
| 66 | in | in | ADP | _ | 68 jungle | case |
| 67 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 68 jungle | det |
| 68 | jungle | jungle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 65 accidents | nmod |
| 69 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 72 snake | punct |
| 70 | because | because | ADP | ExtPos=ADP | 72 snake | case |
| 71 | neither | neither | DET | PronType=Neg | 72 snake | det |
| 72 | snake | snake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 turned | parataxis |
| 73 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 74 bird | punct |
| 74 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 72 snake | conj |
| 75 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 79 hurt | punct |
| 76 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 79 hurt | cc |
| 77 | beast | beast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 79 hurt | nsubj |
| 78 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 79 hurt | aux |
| 79 | hurt | hurt | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 turned | conj |
| 80 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 79 hurt | obj |
| 81 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 turned | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | turn | past | Bear | then | aside property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | tell speech: assert | to-infinitive | Bear not said here | Bagheera | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent bagheera=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | beg speech: request | past · perfect | Bear | the Master Words | Hathi | vn beg-58.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.Topic»: agent=Agent word=Recipient | |||
| 4 | know | present | the Master Words | this things | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer thing=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | take down | past · perfect · passive | Hathi | to a pool; down property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | get | to-infinitive | the Snake Word | from a water snake | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent word=Theme from snake=Source | ||||
| 7 | not pronounce | could | Baloo | Elephant | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | ||||
| 8 | is | past | Mowgli | against all accidents in the jungle; reasonably, safe property | tree rules | ||||
| 9 | hurt | would | beast | Bear | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/4/56/