The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 6, sentence 55
The Black Panther had raced up the slope almost without a sound and was striking--he knew better than to waste time in biting--right and left among the monkeys, who were seated round Mowgli in circles fifty and sixty deep.
Who acts: Mowgli · What happens: race up, strike, know, waste, bite, leave · To what, where: Black Panther, right, monkeys, circles · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mowgli), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Panther | det |
| 2 | Black | Black | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 Panther | compound |
| 3 | Panther | Panther | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 raced | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 raced | aux |
| 5 | raced | race | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | up | up | ADP | _ | 5 raced | compound:prt |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 slope | det |
| 8 | slope | slope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 raced | obj |
| 9 | almost | almost | ADV | _ | 12 sound | advmod |
| 10 | without | without | ADP | _ | 12 sound | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 sound | det |
| 12 | sound | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 raced | obl |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 striking | cc |
| 14 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 striking | aux |
| 15 | striking | strike | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 raced | conj |
| 16 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 18 knew | punct |
| 17 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 knew | nsubj |
| 18 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 raced | conj |
| 19 | better | well | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 18 knew | advmod |
| 20 | than | than | SCONJ | _ | 22 waste | mark |
| 21 | to | to | PART | _ | 22 waste | mark |
| 22 | waste | waste | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 knew | ccomp |
| 23 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 waste | obj |
| 24 | in | in | SCONJ | _ | 25 biting | mark |
| 25 | biting | bite | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 22 waste | advcl |
| 26 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 27 right | punct |
| 27 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 biting | obj |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 left | cc |
| 29 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 27 right | conj |
| 30 | among | among | ADP | _ | 32 monkeys | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 monkeys | det |
| 32 | monkeys | monkey | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 left | obl |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 seated | punct |
| 34 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 36 seated | nsubj |
| 35 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 36 seated | aux:pass |
| 36 | seated | seat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 32 monkeys | acl:relcl |
| 37 | round | round | ADP | _ | 38 Mowgli | case |
| 38 | Mowgli | Mowgli | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 seated | obl |
| 39 | in | in | ADP | _ | 40 circles | case |
| 40 | circles | circle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 seated | obl |
| 41 | fifty | fifty | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 44 deep | compound |
| 42 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 sixty | cc |
| 43 | sixty | sixty | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 41 fifty | conj |
| 44 | deep | deep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 circles | amod |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 raced | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | race up | past · perfect · passive | the Black Panther | without a sound | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | strike | past · progressive | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | know | past | Mowgli | well property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | waste | to-infinitive | time | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | bite | gerund | right | vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent right=Patient | |||||
| 6 | leave | participle | among the monkeys | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent among monkey=Location | |||||
| 7 | seat | past · passive | the monkeys | circles | round Mowgli | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Value in circle=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/6/55/