The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 8, sentence 34
In the jungle he knew he was weak compared with the beasts, but in the village people said that he was as strong as a bull.
Who acts: Mowgli, village people · What happens: know, be, compare, say · To what, where: jungle · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mowgli, village people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 jungle | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 jungle | det |
| 3 | jungle | jungle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 knew | obl |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 knew | nsubj |
| 5 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 weak | nsubj |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 weak | cop |
| 8 | weak | weak | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 knew | ccomp |
| 9 | compared | compare | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 weak | advcl |
| 10 | with | with | ADP | _ | 12 beasts | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 beasts | det |
| 12 | beasts | beast | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 compared | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 said | punct |
| 14 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 19 said | cc |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 village | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 village | det |
| 17 | village | village | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 people | compound |
| 18 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 said | nsubj |
| 19 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 knew | conj |
| 20 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 24 strong | mark |
| 21 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 strong | nsubj |
| 22 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 strong | cop |
| 23 | as | as | ADV | _ | 24 strong | advmod |
| 24 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 said | ccomp |
| 25 | as | as | ADP | _ | 27 bull | case |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 bull | det |
| 27 | bull | bull | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 strong | obl |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 knew | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | know | past | Mowgli | the jungle | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 2 | is | past | Mowgli | weak property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | compare | participle | Mowgli not said here | with the beasts | vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Patient with beast=Co-Patient | ||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | past | village people | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | is | past | Mowgli | as a bull; strong property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/8/34/