The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 9, sentence 1
The two wolves ran, ladies’-chain fashion, in and out of the herd, which snorted and threw up its head, and separated into two clumps.
Who acts: two wolves, herd · What happens: run, snort, throw up, separate · To what, where: ladies, head, two clumps
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (two wolves, herd), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 wolves | det |
| 2 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 wolves | nummod |
| 3 | wolves | wolf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 ran | nsubj |
| 4 | ran | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 ladies | punct |
| 6 | ladies | lady | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 ran | obl |
| 7 | ’ | ' | ADP | _ | 10 fashion | case |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 ’ | punct |
| 9 | chain | chain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 fashion | compound |
| 10 | fashion | fashion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 ran | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 in | punct |
| 12 | in | in | ADV | _ | 4 ran | advmod |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 herd | cc |
| 14 | out | out | ADP | _ | 17 herd | case |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 herd | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 herd | det |
| 17 | herd | herd | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 ran | conj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 snorted | punct |
| 19 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 20 snorted | nsubj |
| 20 | snorted | snort | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 herd | acl:relcl |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 threw | cc |
| 22 | threw | throw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 snorted | conj |
| 23 | up | up | ADP | _ | 22 threw | compound:prt |
| 24 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 head | nmod:poss |
| 25 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 threw | obj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 separated | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 separated | cc |
| 28 | separated | separate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 ran | conj |
| 29 | into | into | ADP | _ | 31 clumps | case |
| 30 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 31 clumps | nummod |
| 31 | clumps | clump | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 separated | obl |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 ran | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | run | past | the two wolves | ladies | ' chain fashion | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | snort | past | the herd | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | throw up | past | the herd not said here | herd's head | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent head=Theme | ||||
| 4 | separate | participle | the two wolves not said here | two clumps | vn separate-23.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/9/1/