The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 9, sentence 58

Mowgli heard an answering bellow from the foot of the ravine, saw Shere Khan turn (the tiger knew if the worst came to the worst it was better to meet the bulls than the cows with their calves), and then Rama tripped, stumbled, and went on again over something soft, and, with the bulls at his heels, crashed full into the other herd, while the weaker buffaloes were lifted clean off their feet by the shock of the meeting.

Who acts: Mowgli, tiger, worst, Rama, feet · What happens: hear, answer, see, know, come, be · To what, where: answering bellow, foot, Shere turn, bulls, something, weaker buffaloes

This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mowgli, tiger, worst, Rama), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mowgli	Mowgli	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 heard	nsubj
2	heard	hear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 bellow	det
4	answering	answer	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 bellow	amod
5	bellow	bellow	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 heard	obj
6	from	from	ADP	_	8 foot	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 foot	det
8	foot	foot	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 heard	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 ravine	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 ravine	det
11	ravine	ravine	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 foot	nmod
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 saw	punct
13	saw	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 heard	conj
14	Shere	Shere	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 turn	compound
15	Khan	Khan	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 Shere	flat
16	turn	turn	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 saw	obj
17	(	(	PUNCT	_	20 knew	punct
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 tiger	det
19	tiger	tiger	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 knew	nsubj
20	knew	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	16 turn	acl:relcl
21	if	if	SCONJ	_	24 came	mark
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 worst	det
23	worst	bad	ADJ	Degree=Sup	24 came	nsubj
24	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	20 knew	ccomp
25	to	to	ADP	_	27 worst	case
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 worst	det
27	worst	bad	ADJ	Degree=Sup	30 better	obl
28	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	30 better	expl
29	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	30 better	cop
30	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	24 came	parataxis
31	to	to	PART	_	32 meet	mark
32	meet	meet	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	30 better	csubj
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	34 bulls	det
34	bulls	bull	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 meet	obj
35	than	than	ADP	_	37 cows	case
36	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	37 cows	det
37	cows	cow	NOUN	Number=Plur	34 bulls	nmod
38	with	with	ADP	_	40 calves	case
39	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	40 calves	nmod:poss
40	calves	calf	NOUN	Number=Plur	37 cows	nmod
41	)	)	PUNCT	_	40 calves	punct
42	,	,	PUNCT	_	46 tripped	punct
43	and	and	CCONJ	_	46 tripped	cc
44	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	46 tripped	advmod
45	Rama	Rama	PROPN	Number=Sing	46 tripped	nsubj
46	tripped	trip	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 heard	parataxis
47	,	,	PUNCT	_	48 stumbled	punct
48	stumbled	stumble	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	46 tripped	conj
49	,	,	PUNCT	_	51 went	punct
50	and	and	CCONJ	_	51 went	cc
51	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 heard	conj
52	on	on	ADV	_	51 went	advmod
53	again	again	ADV	_	51 went	advmod
54	over	over	ADP	_	55 something	case
55	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	51 went	obl
56	soft	soft	ADJ	Degree=Pos	55 something	amod
57	,	,	PUNCT	_	67 crashed	punct
58	and	and	CCONJ	_	67 crashed	cc
59	,	,	PUNCT	_	58 and	punct
60	with	with	ADP	_	62 bulls	case
61	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	62 bulls	det
62	bulls	bull	NOUN	Number=Plur	67 crashed	obl
63	at	at	ADP	_	65 heels	case
64	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	65 heels	nmod:poss
65	heels	heel	NOUN	Number=Plur	62 bulls	nmod
66	,	,	PUNCT	_	62 bulls	punct
67	crashed	crash	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 heard	parataxis
68	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	67 crashed	xcomp
69	into	into	ADP	_	72 herd	case
70	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	72 herd	det
71	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	72 herd	amod
72	herd	herd	NOUN	Number=Sing	68 full	obl
73	,	,	PUNCT	_	79 lifted	punct
74	while	while	SCONJ	_	79 lifted	mark
75	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	77 buffaloes	det
76	weaker	weak	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	77 buffaloes	amod
77	buffaloes	buffalo	NOUN	Number=Plur	79 lifted	nsubj:pass
78	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	79 lifted	aux:pass
79	lifted	lift	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	67 crashed	conj
80	clean	clean	ADJ	Degree=Pos	79 lifted	xcomp
81	off	off	ADP	_	83 feet	case
82	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	83 feet	nmod:poss
83	feet	foot	NOUN	Number=Plur	79 lifted	obl:agent
84	by	by	ADP	_	86 shock	case
85	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	86 shock	det
86	shock	shock	NOUN	Number=Sing	79 lifted	obl
87	of	of	ADP	_	89 meeting	case
88	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	89 meeting	det
89	meeting	meeting	NOUN	Number=Sing	86 shock	nmod
90	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 heard	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hear	past	Mowgli	a answering bellow	the foot of the ravine			vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent bellow=Topic from foot=Source
2	answer speech: assert	gerund						vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	see	past	Mowgli not said here	Shere turn				vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer turn=Stimulus
4	know	past	the tiger	Shere turn not said here				tree rules
5	come a condition, not said to happen	past	the worst					vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
6	is	past					to the worst; good property	tree rules
7	meet	to-infinitive		the bulls			than the cows with cows's calves	vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bull=Co-Agent
8	trip	past	Rama			then		vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
9	stumble	participle	Rama not said here					vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
10	go on	past	Mowgli not said here		something	again		vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme over something=Location
11	crash	past					with the bulls at Rama's heels; full property	vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with bull=Theme
12	lift	past · passive	buffaloes's feet	the weaker buffaloes			by the shock of the meeting; clean property	vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent subject=Theme by shock=Destination
13	shock			the meeting				nom shock «feeling transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/9/58/