The Book of Dragons, Opening, part 1, sentence 93
Half an hour before he had been building with bricks in the nursery; and now--the streets were all fluttering with flags; every window was crowded with people waving handkerchiefs and scattering flowers; there were scarlet soldiers everywhere along the pavements, and all the bells of all the churches were ringing like mad, and like a great song to the music of their ringing he heard thousands of people shouting, "Long live Lionel!
Who acts: coach, streets, window, people, scarlet soldiers, bells · What happens: build, flutter, be, wave, scatter, ring · To what, where: hour, nursery, handkerchiefs, flowers, thousands, Long live Lionel
This is a sentence of «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (coach, streets, window, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Half | half | DET | NumForm=Word NumType=Frac PronType=Ind | 3 hour | det:predet |
| 2 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 hour | det |
| 3 | hour | hour | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 8 building | mark |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 building | nsubj |
| 6 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 building | aux |
| 7 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 8 building | aux |
| 8 | building | build | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 hour | acl |
| 9 | with | with | ADP | _ | 10 bricks | case |
| 10 | bricks | brick | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 building | obl |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 nursery | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 nursery | det |
| 13 | nursery | nursery | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 building | obl |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 fluttering | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 fluttering | cc |
| 16 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 22 fluttering | advmod |
| 17 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 16 now | punct |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 streets | det |
| 19 | streets | street | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 fluttering | nsubj |
| 20 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 fluttering | aux |
| 21 | all | all | ADV | _ | 22 fluttering | advmod |
| 22 | fluttering | flutter | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 hour | conj |
| 23 | with | with | ADP | _ | 24 flags | case |
| 24 | flags | flag | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 fluttering | obl |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 29 crowded | punct |
| 26 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 27 window | det |
| 27 | window | window | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 crowded | nsubj |
| 28 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 crowded | cop |
| 29 | crowded | crowded | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 fluttering | conj |
| 30 | with | with | ADP | _ | 31 people | case |
| 31 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 crowded | obl |
| 32 | waving | wave | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 31 people | acl |
| 33 | handkerchiefs | handkerchief | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 waving | obj |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 scattering | cc |
| 35 | scattering | scatter | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 32 waving | conj |
| 36 | flowers | flower | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 scattering | obj |
| 37 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 39 were | punct |
| 38 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 39 were | expl |
| 39 | were | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 crowded | parataxis |
| 40 | scarlet | scarlet | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 soldiers | amod |
| 41 | soldiers | soldier | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 were | nsubj |
| 42 | everywhere | everywhere | ADV | PronType=Tot | 45 pavements | advmod |
| 43 | along | along | ADP | _ | 45 pavements | case |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 pavements | det |
| 45 | pavements | pavement | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 soldiers | nmod |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 56 ringing | punct |
| 47 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 56 ringing | cc |
| 48 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 50 bells | det:predet |
| 49 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 50 bells | det |
| 50 | bells | bell | NOUN | Number=Plur | 56 ringing | nsubj |
| 51 | of | of | ADP | _ | 54 churches | case |
| 52 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 54 churches | det:predet |
| 53 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 54 churches | det |
| 54 | churches | church | NOUN | Number=Plur | 50 bells | nmod |
| 55 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 56 ringing | aux |
| 56 | ringing | ring | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 41 soldiers | parataxis |
| 57 | like | like | ADP | _ | 58 mad | case |
| 58 | mad | mad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 56 ringing | obl |
| 59 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 64 song | punct |
| 60 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 64 song | cc |
| 61 | like | like | ADP | _ | 64 song | case |
| 62 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 64 song | det |
| 63 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 64 song | amod |
| 64 | song | song | NOUN | Number=Sing | 56 ringing | conj |
| 65 | to | to | ADP | _ | 67 music | case |
| 66 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 67 music | det |
| 67 | music | music | NOUN | Number=Sing | 64 song | nmod |
| 68 | of | of | ADP | _ | 70 ringing | case |
| 69 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 70 ringing | nmod:poss |
| 70 | ringing | ringing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 67 music | nmod |
| 71 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 72 heard | nsubj |
| 72 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 70 ringing | acl:relcl |
| 73 | thousands | thousand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 72 heard | obj |
| 74 | of | of | ADP | _ | 75 people | case |
| 75 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 73 thousands | nmod |
| 76 | shouting | shout | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 75 people | acl |
| 77 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 81 Lionel | punct |
| 78 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 81 Lionel | punct |
| 79 | Long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 81 Lionel | amod |
| 80 | live | live | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 81 Lionel | amod |
| 81 | Lionel | lionel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 76 shouting | obl |
| 82 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 3 hour | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | build | past · perfect · progressive | coach | half hour not said here | the nursery | with bricks | vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent hour=Theme with brick=Source | ||
| 2 | flutter | past · progressive | the streets | now | with flags; all property | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 3 | is | past | every window | with people; crowded property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | wave | gerund | people not said here | handkerchiefs | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent handkerchief=Patient | ||||
| 5 | scatter | gerund | people not said here | flowers | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent flower=Theme | ||||
| 6 | be | past | scarlet soldiers along the pavements | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 7 | ring | past · progressive | all bells of all churches | like mad | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 8 | hear | past | coach | thousands of people | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer thousand=Stimulus | ||||
| 9 | shout speech: express | gerund | people not said here | Long live Lionel | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 10 | ring | bells = bell | nom ringing «event transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Project Gutenberg book 23661 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg23661/1/93/