The Book of Dragons, The Dragon Tamers], sentence 10

It was a very fine dungeon indeed, with a handsome vaulted roof and big iron rings whose staples were built into the wall, very strong and convenient for tying captives to, and at one end was a broken flight of wide steps leading down no one knew where.

Who acts: forge, one · What happens: be, vault, build, tie, break, lead down · To what, where: fine dungeon, staples, wall, captives, broken flight, one end · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, The Dragon Tamers]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (forge, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 dungeon	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 dungeon	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 dungeon	det
4	very	very	ADV	_	5 fine	advmod
5	fine	fine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 dungeon	amod
6	dungeon	dungeon	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	indeed	indeed	ADV	_	6 dungeon	advmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 roof	punct
9	with	with	ADP	_	13 roof	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 roof	det
11	handsome	handsome	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 roof	amod
12	vaulted	vault	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	13 roof	amod
13	roof	roof	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 dungeon	conj
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 rings	cc
15	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 rings	amod
16	iron	iron	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 rings	compound
17	rings	ring	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 roof	conj
18	whose	whose	PRON	Poss=Yes PronType=Rel	19 staples	nmod:poss
19	staples	staple	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 built	nsubj:pass
20	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	21 built	aux:pass
21	built	build	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	13 roof	acl:relcl
22	into	into	ADP	_	24 wall	case
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 wall	det
24	wall	wall	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 built	obl
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 strong	punct
26	very	very	ADV	_	27 strong	advmod
27	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 wall	amod
28	and	and	CCONJ	_	29 convenient	cc
29	convenient	convenient	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 strong	conj
30	for	for	SCONJ	_	31 tying	mark
31	tying	tie	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	27 strong	advcl
32	captives	captive	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 tying	obj
33	to	to	ADP	_	31 tying	fixed
34	,	,	PUNCT	_	42 flight	punct
35	and	and	CCONJ	_	42 flight	cc
36	at	at	ADP	_	38 end	case
37	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	38 end	nummod
38	end	end	NOUN	Number=Sing	42 flight	obl
39	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	42 flight	cop
40	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	42 flight	det
41	broken	break	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	42 flight	amod
42	flight	flight	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 wall	conj
43	of	of	ADP	_	45 steps	case
44	wide	wide	ADJ	Degree=Pos	45 steps	amod
45	steps	step	NOUN	Number=Plur	42 flight	nmod
46	leading	lead	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	50 knew	csubj
47	down	down	ADP	_	46 leading	compound:prt
48	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	49 one	det
49	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	50 knew	nsubj
50	knew	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	45 steps	acl:relcl
51	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	50 knew	advmod
52	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 dungeon	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	forge	a fine dungeon and a handsome vaulted roof and big iron rings			indeed property	tree rules
2	vault	participle						vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	build	past · passive		staples	the wall and a broken flight			vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: subject=Material into wall=Product
4	tie	gerund		captives				vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent captive=Patient
5	break	participle						vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
6	is a	past		a broken flight		at one end	of wide steps	tree rules
7	lead down	gerund						vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition
8	know	past	no one	wide steps not said here				vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer step=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Project Gutenberg book 23661 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg23661/12/10/