The Book of Dragons, The Fiery Dragon], sentence 47
To begin with, hippopotamuses do not bay like hounds: They grunt like pigs, and their grunt is very big and fierce.
Who acts: hippopotamuses, grunt · What happens: begin, not bay, grunt, be
This is a sentence of «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, The Fiery Dragon]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hippopotamuses, grunt), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | To | to | PART | _ | 2 begin | mark |
| 2 | begin | begin | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 bay | advcl |
| 3 | with | with | ADP | _ | 2 begin | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 bay | punct |
| 5 | hippopotamuses | hippopotamus | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 bay | nsubj |
| 6 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 bay | aux |
| 7 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 8 bay | advmod |
| 8 | bay | bay | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 9 | like | like | ADP | _ | 10 hounds | case |
| 10 | hounds | hound | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 bay | obl |
| 11 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 13 grunt | punct |
| 12 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 grunt | nsubj |
| 13 | grunt | grunt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 bay | parataxis |
| 14 | like | like | ADP | _ | 15 pigs | case |
| 15 | pigs | pig | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 grunt | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 big | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 big | cc |
| 18 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 grunt | nmod:poss |
| 19 | grunt | grunt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 big | nsubj |
| 20 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 big | cop |
| 21 | very | very | ADV | _ | 22 big | advmod |
| 22 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 grunt | conj |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 fierce | cc |
| 24 | fierce | fierce | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 big | conj |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 bay | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | begin | to-infinitive | hippopotamuses not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | |||||
| 2 | not bay | present · do-support | hippopotamuses | like hounds | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | grunt | present | hippopotamuses = hippopotamus | like pigs | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | is | present | hippopotamuses's grunt | big property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | be | hippopotamuses's grunt not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 6 | grunt | hippopotamuses = hippopotamus | nom grunt «event intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Project Gutenberg book 23661 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg23661/13/47/