The Book of Dragons, The Fiery Dragon], sentence 49
They just crash through the hedges and lumber through the standing corn, doing serious injury to the crops, and annoying the farmers very much.
Who acts: hippopotamuses · What happens: crash, do, annoy · To what, where: hedges, serious injury, farmers
This is a sentence of «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, The Fiery Dragon]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hippopotamuses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 crash | nsubj |
| 2 | just | just | ADV | _ | 3 crash | advmod |
| 3 | crash | crash | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | through | through | ADP | _ | 6 hedges | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 hedges | det |
| 6 | hedges | hedge | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 crash | obl |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 lumber | cc |
| 8 | lumber | lumber | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 hedges | conj |
| 9 | through | through | ADP | _ | 12 corn | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 corn | det |
| 11 | standing | standing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 corn | compound |
| 12 | corn | corn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 crash | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 doing | punct |
| 14 | doing | do | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 crash | advcl |
| 15 | serious | serious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 injury | amod |
| 16 | injury | injury | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 doing | obj |
| 17 | to | to | ADP | _ | 19 crops | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 crops | det |
| 19 | crops | crop | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 doing | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 annoying | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 annoying | cc |
| 22 | annoying | annoy | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 crash | advcl |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 farmers | det |
| 24 | farmers | farmer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 annoying | obj |
| 25 | very | very | ADV | _ | 26 much | advmod |
| 26 | much | much | ADV | _ | 22 annoying | advmod |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 crash | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | crash | present | hippopotamuses = hippopotamus | the hedges and lumber | through the standing corn | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through hedge=Location | |||
| 2 | do | gerund | hippopotamuses = hippopotamus not said here | serious injury | to the crops | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent injury=Eventuality | |||
| 3 | annoy | gerund | hippopotamuses = hippopotamus not said here | the farmers | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus farmer=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Project Gutenberg book 23661 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg23661/13/49/