The Book of Dragons, The Fiery Dragon], sentence 87
All the sleeping forms grunted and snored, and the Prince saw that they were pigs: He knew it by their manners.
Who acts: Prince, pigs · What happens: grunt, snore, see, be, know · To what, where: sleeping, pigs
This is a sentence of «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, The Fiery Dragon]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Prince, pigs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | All | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 3 sleeping | det:predet |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 sleeping | det |
| 3 | sleeping | sleeping | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 grunted | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | forms | form | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 grunted | aux:pass |
| 5 | grunted | grunt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 snored | cc |
| 7 | snored | snore | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 grunted | conj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 saw | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 saw | cc |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 Prince | det |
| 11 | Prince | Prince | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 saw | nsubj |
| 12 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 grunted | conj |
| 13 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 16 pigs | mark |
| 14 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 pigs | nsubj |
| 15 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 pigs | cop |
| 16 | pigs | pig | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 saw | xcomp |
| 17 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 19 knew | punct |
| 18 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 knew | nsubj |
| 19 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 grunted | parataxis |
| 20 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 knew | obj |
| 21 | by | by | ADP | _ | 23 manners | case |
| 22 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 manners | nmod:poss |
| 23 | manners | manners | NOUN | Number=Ptan | 19 knew | obl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 grunted | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grunt | present · passive | all sleeping | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 2 | snore | participle | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | see | past | the Prince | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 4 | is a | past | pigs = pig | pigs | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | know | past | Prince | sleeping | by pigs's manners | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Project Gutenberg book 23661 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg23661/13/87/