The Book of Dragons, Opening, part 2, sentence 30
Then he fastened the clasps with the rubies and turquoises in them and sent for the Chancellor, who had been ill since Saturday, and so had not been eaten with the rest of the Parliament, and he said: "What animal ends in 'cora'?"
Who acts: Dragon, Chancellor, animal · What happens: fasten, send, be, not eat, say, end · To what, where: clasps, cora · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dragon, Chancellor, animal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 fastened | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 fastened | nsubj |
| 3 | fastened | fasten | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 clasps | det |
| 5 | clasps | clasp | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 fastened | obj |
| 6 | with | with | ADP | _ | 8 rubies | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 rubies | det |
| 8 | rubies | ruby | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 clasps | nmod |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 turquoises | cc |
| 10 | turquoises | turquoise | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 rubies | conj |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 them | case |
| 12 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 turquoises | nmod |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 sent | cc |
| 14 | sent | send | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 fastened | conj |
| 15 | for | for | ADP | _ | 17 Chancellor | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 Chancellor | det |
| 17 | Chancellor | Chancellor | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 sent | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 ill | punct |
| 19 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 22 ill | nsubj |
| 20 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 ill | aux |
| 21 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 22 ill | cop |
| 22 | ill | ill | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 Chancellor | conj |
| 23 | since | since | ADP | _ | 24 Saturday | case |
| 24 | Saturday | Saturday | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 sent | obl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 eaten | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 eaten | cc |
| 27 | so | so | ADV | _ | 31 eaten | advmod |
| 28 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 eaten | aux |
| 29 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 31 eaten | advmod |
| 30 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 31 eaten | aux:pass |
| 31 | eaten | eat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 fastened | conj |
| 32 | with | with | ADP | _ | 34 rest | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 rest | det |
| 34 | rest | rest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 eaten | obl |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 Parliament | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 Parliament | det |
| 37 | Parliament | Parliament | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 rest | nmod |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 said | punct |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 said | cc |
| 40 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 41 said | nsubj |
| 41 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 fastened | conj |
| 42 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 46 ends | punct |
| 43 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 46 ends | punct |
| 44 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 46 ends | obj |
| 45 | animal | animal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 ends | nsubj |
| 46 | ends | end | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 41 said | ccomp |
| 47 | in | in | ADP | _ | 49 cora | case |
| 48 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 49 cora | punct |
| 49 | cora | cora | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 ends | obl |
| 50 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 49 cora | punct |
| 51 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 46 ends | punct |
| 52 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 fastened | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fasten | past | Dragon | the clasps | then | with the rubies and turquoises in turquoises | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent clasp=Patient with ruby=Co-Patient | ||
| 2 | send | past | Dragon not said here | saturday | for the Chancellor | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||
| 3 | is | past · perfect | the Chancellor | ill property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | not eat | past · perfect · passive | Dragon not said here | with the rest of the Parliament | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V» | ||||
| 5 | say speech: ask | past | Dragon | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 6 | end in a quote | present | animal | cora | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector what=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Project Gutenberg book 23661 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg23661/2/30/