The Book of Dragons, Opening, part 2, sentence 55
The Dragon was a perfect nuisance for the whole of Saturday, except during the hour of noon, and then he had to rest under a tree or he would have caught fire from the heat of the sun. You see, he was very hot to begin with.
Who acts: Dragon, You, sun. · What happens: be, have, rest, catch, see, begin · To what, where: perfect nuisance, tree, Dragon, heat, sun.
This is a sentence of «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dragon, You, sun.), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Dragon | det |
| 2 | Dragon | Dragon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 nuisance | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 nuisance | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 nuisance | det |
| 5 | perfect | perfect | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 nuisance | amod |
| 6 | nuisance | nuisance | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 7 | for | for | ADP | _ | 9 whole | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 whole | det |
| 9 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 nuisance | nmod |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 Saturday | case |
| 11 | Saturday | Saturday | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 whole | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 hour | punct |
| 13 | except | except | ADP | _ | 16 hour | case |
| 14 | during | during | ADP | _ | 16 hour | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 hour | det |
| 16 | hour | hour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 nuisance | conj |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 noon | case |
| 18 | noon | noon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 hour | nmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 had | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 had | cc |
| 21 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 23 had | advmod |
| 22 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 had | nsubj |
| 23 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 nuisance | parataxis |
| 24 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 rest | mark |
| 25 | rest | rest | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 had | xcomp |
| 26 | under | under | ADP | _ | 28 tree | case |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 tree | det |
| 28 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 rest | obl |
| 29 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 33 caught | cc |
| 30 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 caught | nsubj:pass |
| 31 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 33 caught | aux |
| 32 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 33 caught | aux |
| 33 | caught | catch | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 had | conj |
| 34 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 caught | obj |
| 35 | from | from | ADP | _ | 37 heat | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 heat | det |
| 37 | heat | heat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 caught | obl |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 40 sun. | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 sun. | det |
| 40 | sun. | sun. | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 heat | nmod |
| 41 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 42 see | nsubj |
| 42 | see | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 sun. | acl:relcl |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 hot | punct |
| 44 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 47 hot | nsubj |
| 45 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 47 hot | cop |
| 46 | very | very | ADV | _ | 47 hot | advmod |
| 47 | hot | hot | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 caught | conj |
| 48 | to | to | PART | _ | 49 begin | mark |
| 49 | begin | begin | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 47 hot | advcl |
| 50 | with | with | ADP | _ | 49 begin | obl |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 nuisance | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | the Dragon | a perfect nuisance and the hour of noon | for the whole | tree rules | |||
| 2 | have | past | Dragon | then | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | rest | to-infinitive | Dragon not said here | a tree | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under tree=Location | ||||
| 4 | catch | would · perfect · passive | Dragon | the heat of the sun. | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: subject=Beneficiary fire=Theme | ||||
| 5 | see | present | You | the sun. not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer sun.=Stimulus | ||||
| 6 | is | past | Dragon | hot property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | begin | to-infinitive | Dragon not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | |||||
| 8 | heat | the sun. | nom heat «phenomenon intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Project Gutenberg book 23661 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg23661/2/55/